DNA interfaces with dimensional materials for biomedical applications.

Area of Science:

• Materials Science
• Biophysics
• Nanotechnology

Background:

• DNA interfaces with nano, micro, and macro materials are gaining attention.
• Interfacial properties depend on both material characteristics and DNA sequence/conformation.
• These interfaces advance understanding of interaction mechanisms and material properties.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review DNA interfaces with diverse dimensional materials (0D, 1D, 2D, 3D).
• To focus on interfacing mechanisms and state-of-the-art applications in the last five years.
• To highlight the potential of DNA materials science in biomedical and biosensing research.

Main Methods:

• Classification of DNA interfaces based on material dimensionality (0D to 3D).
• Review of key research efforts and advancements over the past five years.
• Analysis of interfacing mechanisms and emerging applications.

Main Results:

• DNA interfaces exhibit distinct functions driven by material and DNA-specific properties.
• Diverse applications are emerging in nanotechnology, biophysics, cell biology, biosensing, and bioelectronics.
• New interfaces with remarkable characteristics are frequently reported.

Conclusions:

• DNA interfaces represent a rapidly growing field with significant potential.
• Understanding these interfaces is crucial for developing advanced biomedical and biosensing technologies.
• The classification and review provide a comprehensive overview for researchers.