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Area of Science:

  • Dermatology
  • Allergology
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Consort allergic contact dermatitis (CACD) is a specific type of allergic reaction.
  • Diagnosis can be challenging due to the indirect nature of allergen exposure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To systematically review patient demographics, clinical presentations, consort relationships, implicated products, and allergens in CACD.
  • To identify risk factors and improve diagnostic approaches for CACD.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature search was performed across major databases (PubMed, EMBASE, Web of Science, CINAHL Complete) up to July 2020.
  • Included 183 articles detailing 261 patients diagnosed with CACD.

Main Results:

  • The study analyzed patient demographics (mean age 40.9 years, 62.8% female), common affected sites (face, hands, arms), and consort types (partners, children, healthcare providers).
  • Allergens were primarily transmitted through direct contact (80.5%), with medications, plants, and fragrances being common culprits.
  • Caregiver relationships and consort occupations were identified as relevant factors in 27.6% and 14.6% of cases, respectively. 125 unique allergens were identified via patch testing.

Conclusions:

  • CACD is associated with various interpersonal contacts throughout life.
  • Caregivers represent a potentially high-risk population for developing CACD.
  • Comprehensive patient history, including social, sexual, and occupational details, is crucial for diagnosing CACD.