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Haemodynamic analysis using multiphase flow dynamics in tubular lesions.

Konstantinos G Lyras1, Jack Lee1

  • 1School of Biomedical Engineering & Imaging Sciences, King's College London, London SE1 7EU, United Kingdom.

Computer Methods and Programs in Biomedicine
|April 28, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Multiphase blood flow modeling reveals red blood cell aggregation in cardiovascular disease, significantly altering particle distribution and shear stress within lesions, even if overall pressure drop is unchanged.

Keywords:
Coronary arteryLevel setMultiphase mixture modelRed blood cellStenosisWall shear stress

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiovascular fluid dynamics
  • Biomedical engineering
  • Computational modeling

Background:

  • Red blood cell dynamics are critical in cardiovascular diseases.
  • Multiphase blood flow models offer detailed insights into red blood cell distribution and hemodynamic effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of red blood cell aggregation on blood flow dynamics in coronary arteries.
  • To analyze hemodynamic consequences in diseased vessels using a novel multiphase flow solver.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a novel computational fluid dynamics solver with level set method for sharp interface representation.
  • Performed multiphase simulations of blood flow, comparing results with single-phase simulations and reduced order models.
  • Investigated the effects of hematocrit and stenosis severity on coronary artery hemodynamics, specifically in AHA type B lesions.

Main Results:

  • Multiphase simulations showed differences in pressure and lower pressure drop compared to single-phase models for similar stenosis severity.
  • Observed secondary flow patterns and inter-phase interactions leading to red blood cell aggregation.
  • Significant changes in red blood cell distribution, shear stress, and velocity within tubular lesions were identified at the end of diastole.

Conclusions:

  • While pressure drop and mean velocity show minimal changes in multiphase modeling, particle buildup is significantly altered.
  • The multiphase approach is crucial for revealing changes in particle buildup, which are missed by single-phase models.