Emerging roles of endoplasmic reticulum proteostasis in brain development
Giselle Espinosa Vásquez1, Danilo B Medinas1, Hery Urra1
1Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile; FONDAP Center for Geroscience, Brain Health and Metabolism (GERO), Santiago, Chile; Program of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Institute of Biomedical Sciences (ICBM), University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Cells & Development
|April 28, 2022
Summary
Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) proteostasis is crucial for brain development, influencing neuronal migration and differentiation. Emerging evidence links ER protein homeostasis to neurodevelopmental disorders.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Cell Biology
- Developmental Biology
Background:
- Central nervous system development involves complex morphogenetic events, gene expression, and cell migration.
- Neuronal development (neurogenesis and neuritogenesis) requires significant protein synthesis for cellular structures like axons and synapses.
- The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is vital for maintaining protein homeostasis (proteostasis) and cellular function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review emerging evidence on the role of ER proteostasis in brain development.
- To explore the link between ER proteostasis and neurodevelopmental processes.
- To discuss the relevance of ER proteostasis to human neurodevelopmental disorders.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of recent studies on ER proteostasis and neurodevelopment.
- Synthesis of findings linking ER function to neuronal migration, differentiation, and overall brain development.
- Analysis of the implications for neurodevelopmental disorders.
Main Results:
- Accumulating evidence suggests ER proteostasis, not just ER stress, is critical for normal brain development.
- ER proteostasis impacts key developmental processes including neuronal migration and differentiation.
- Dysregulation of ER proteostasis is increasingly implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders.
Conclusions:
- ER proteostasis plays a fundamental role in shaping brain structures and neural circuits during development.
- Understanding ER proteostasis offers new insights into the etiology of neurodevelopmental disorders.
- Further research into ER proteostasis is warranted for potential therapeutic strategies in neurodevelopmental conditions.
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