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Life-threatening hematomas in COVID-19 patients
Ümit Alakuş1, Umut Kara2, Şebnem Çimen1
1Department of General Surgery, University of Health Sciences, Gülhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara-Turkey.
Summary
Life-threatening hematomas are rare but increase mortality in COVID-19 patients. Early diagnosis and intervention can reduce the high mortality rate associated with these bleeding complications.
Area of Science:
- Medical research
- Hematology
- Infectious diseases
Background:
- COVID-19 has caused significant global mortality, primarily from respiratory and thromboembolic issues.
- Rare pathologies, such as hematomas, also contribute to COVID-19 morbidity and mortality.
- This study investigates life-threatening hematomas in COVID-19 patients, focusing on risk factors and management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To examine the incidence, risk factors, and management of life-threatening hematomas in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.
- To identify potential indicators for early hematoma detection in this population.
- To assess the impact of hematomas on mortality rates among COVID-19 patients.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of a database from a tertiary pandemic center.
- Inclusion of patients hospitalized for COVID-19 over a 10-month period (March-December 2020).
- Exclusion of gastrointestinal bleeding cases; focus on patients diagnosed with hematomas.
Main Results:
- Hematomas occurred in 0.2% (11/5484) of COVID-19 patients.
- All affected patients had comorbidities, were on low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) treatment, and had severe or critical COVID-19.
- The overall mortality rate for patients with bleeding complications was 54.5%, with retroperitoneal hematomas being the most common type.
Conclusions:
- Hematomas are rare but significantly increase mortality in COVID-19 patients.
- Risk factors include advanced age, male gender, severe COVID-19, comorbidities, and LMWH treatment.
- Early detection via symptoms like abdominal pain and prompt interventional management can reduce mortality.
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