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5 Gbps optical wireless communication using commercial SPAD array receivers.

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    Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays boost optical wireless communication (OWC) sensitivity but face dead-time nonlinearity. This study achieves a record 5 Gbps data rate using advanced techniques for SPAD-based OWC systems.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optical Wireless Communication
    • Photon Counting Detectors
    • Digital Signal Processing

    Background:

    • Single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) arrays enhance optical wireless communication (OWC) system sensitivity.
    • SPAD dead time introduces nonlinearity, limiting achievable data rates in OWC systems.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • Investigate the performance of SPAD-based OWC systems using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM).
    • Compare OFDM performance against on-off keying (OOK) modulation in SPAD-based OWC.
    • Achieve a record experimental data rate for SPAD-based OWC systems.

    Main Methods:

    • Utilized nonlinear equalization to mitigate SPAD dead-time-induced nonlinearity.
    • Employed peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) optimization via OFDM clipping level adjustment.
    • Implemented adaptive bit and energy loading for enhanced data transmission.

    Main Results:

    • Achieved a record experimental data rate of 5 Gbps in a SPAD-based OWC system.
    • Demonstrated the effectiveness of nonlinear equalization and PAPR optimization.
    • Showcased contrasting optimal operating regimes for OFDM and OOK modulation schemes.

    Conclusions:

    • Advanced signal processing techniques can overcome SPAD dead-time limitations in OWC.
    • OFDM, with optimized parameters, enables significantly higher data rates than OOK in SPAD-based systems.
    • This work sets a new benchmark for data rates in SPAD-based OWC systems.