Breeding soundness examination (BSE): a decision-making tool that requires a particular guideline for male goats

Breeding soundness examination (BSE) is a common evaluation to predict the reproductive ability of male livestock. The generated guideline for BSE is specified for each animal species to enhance the performance of BSE. However, there is no particular BSE guideline for bucks yet; then, the BSE guidelines for ram and bull are commonly used for bucks. This investigation was conducted to determine the main BSE characteristics and the appropriate age range for assessment in Boer goats. For this purpose, semen was collected using electro-ejaculation, and seminogram variables (semen-BSE traits) were evaluated using conventional methods. The association between common testicular biometric variables (TBVs) and semen-BSE traits were assessed using Pearson's correlation coefficients and multiple linear regression. Logistic regression was used to test the validity of TBVs for the BSE of Boer goats. In this study, a strange appearance of the head of sperm, known as "rod-in-head" (RIH), was observed. The results showed that the appropriate age range for performing BSE in bucks is 12-30 months. Moreover, scrotal length in the range of 10-15.9 cm was the eligible TBV to be used as a predictor for semen-BSE traits. It was suggested that developing a BSE guideline for bucks is necessary for unbiased selection in performing BSE.