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Influence of Maternal Diabetes on the Risk of Neurodevelopmental Disorders in Offspring in the Prenatal and Postnatal

Verónica Perea1, Xavier Urquizu2, Maite Valverde1

  • 1Endocrinology and Nutrition Department, University Hospital Mutua de Terrassa, Terrassa, Spain.

Diabetes & Metabolism Journal
|April 30, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) during pregnancy increases offspring risk for attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, maternal type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) after birth did not show a link to ADHD development.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Endocrinology
  • Pediatrics

Background:

  • Maternal diabetes during pregnancy is a growing concern.
  • Understanding its impact on offspring neurodevelopment is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between maternal gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and neurodevelopmental disorders in offspring.
  • To evaluate risks in both prenatal and postnatal periods.

Main Methods:

  • A cohort study included singleton pregnancies with GDM and a matched control group.
  • Cox regression models assessed the risk of ADHD and ASD.
  • Maternal type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and GDM-ADHD interaction were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • GDM exposure was significantly associated with an increased risk of ADHD in offspring (adjusted HR 1.64).
  • This association persisted regardless of GDM treatment or diagnosis timing.
  • No significant association was found between GDM and autism spectrum disorder (ASD).
  • Children of mothers who developed T2DM showed higher ADHD rates, but no interaction with GDM was observed.

Conclusions:

  • Prenatal GDM exposure elevates the risk of ADHD in offspring.
  • The complexity of GDM treatment did not alter this association.
  • Postnatal maternal T2DM was not linked to ADHD development in offspring.
Abstract

Keywords:
Diabetes mellitus, type 2Diabetes, gestationalNeurodevelopmental disorders

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