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Layer-specific fiber distribution in arterial tissue modeled as a constrained mixture.

Klaas Vander Linden1, Milad Ghasemi1, Lauranne Maes1

  • 1Biomechanics Section, Mechanical Engineering Department, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.

International Journal for Numerical Methods in Biomedical Engineering
|May 1, 2022
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This study introduces a new computational method to model collagen fiber orientation in arteries, crucial for understanding vessel mechanics. The stress-based approach accurately predicts fiber distribution without needing the inaccessible stress-free state.

Keywords:
arterial tissuecollagen fiber distributionconstrained mixture theory

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Materials Science
  • Computational Biology

Background:

  • Collagen fiber orientation dictates arterial mechanical properties, leading to transversely isotropic behavior.
  • Current models rely on continuum mechanics and require inaccessible stress-free states.
  • Understanding preferred fiber deposition is key for accurate arterial modeling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel algorithm for computing preferred collagen fiber distribution in arteries.
  • To implement and compare stress- and stretch-based approaches within the constrained mixture theory.
  • To validate the algorithm against experimental microstructural data of the abdominal aorta.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a reorientation algorithm based on constrained mixture theory.
  • Oriented collagen fiber families according to loading on the extracellular matrix.
  • Implemented both stress- and stretch-dependent fiber orientation algorithms.
  • Compared algorithmic predictions with experimental microstructural data.

Main Results:

  • The novel algorithm computes preferred fiber distribution without needing the stress-free state.
  • The stress-based algorithm successfully replicated experimentally observed fiber distribution transitions.
  • Significant variations in collagen orientation were observed across arterial layers (intima, media, adventitia).

Conclusions:

  • The developed algorithm provides a clinically relevant method for modeling arterial collagen.
  • The stress-based approach is superior in predicting experimentally observed fiber distributions.
  • This work advances computational modeling of vascular mechanics and tissue engineering.