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Updated: Sep 25, 2025
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Differences in craniofacial morphology between platybasic and nonplatybasic patients with velopharyngeal dysfunction
Ariela Nachmani1, Muhamed Masalha2, Ameen Biadsee3
1Faculty of Communication Disorders, Hadassah Academic College, Jerusalem, Israel; Department of Communication Disorders, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.
Summary
Cranial base angle influences skull shape and pharyngeal space in patients with velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD). Understanding these craniofacial differences aids in precise surgical planning for improved speech outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Craniofacial morphology
- Speech pathology
- Orthodontics
Background:
- Velopharyngeal dysfunction (VPD) and palatal anomalies can be influenced by underlying craniofacial structures.
- Cranial base morphology plays a role in shaping the nasopharyngeal space, potentially affecting velopharyngeal function.
Purpose of the Study:
- To characterize cranial base morphology in patients with palatal anomalies and VPD.
- To investigate structural factors influencing the nasopharyngeal space and velopharyngeal function.
- To inform precise treatment strategies for VPD.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective study of 386 patients with VPD and palatal anomalies.
- Control group of 126 healthy individuals with normal speech.
- Lateral cephalometric imaging to assess craniofacial morphology.
Main Results:
- Platybasic patients exhibited distinct nasopharyngeal dimensions (larger angles, longer distances) compared to nonplatybasic patients.
- Nonplatybasic patients and controls had larger craniomaxillary angles (SNA, S-Ba-Ptm, N-Ba-PP).
- All patient groups showed larger craniomandibular angles (ANB, Gn-Go-Ar, PP-MP).
Conclusions:
- Cranial base flexure impacts skull shape and pharyngeal space, affecting velopharyngeal function.
- Findings aid in preoperative planning for pharyngeal flap surgery and orthodontic interventions.
- Collaboration between orthodontics and surgery is crucial for preventing postoperative VPD, particularly in platybasic patients.
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