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Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides01:15

Cellulose and Pectic Polysaccharides

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 Every plant cell has a cell wall that protects the cell, provides structural support, and gives the cell shape. Cellulose, the main structural component of the plant cell wall, makes up over 30% of plant matter. It is the most abundant organic compound on earth.  Cellulose is an unbranched polysaccharide composed of linear chains of glucose molecules linked by β (1→4) glycosidic bonds.
As a cell matures, its cell wall specializes according to its type. For example, the...
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Oxidations of Aldehydes and Ketones to Carboxylic Acids01:15

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Oxidation of aldehydes and ketones results in the formation of carboxylic acids. Aldehydes, bearing hydrogen next to the carbonyl group, are easily oxidized compared to ketones. This is because an aldehydic proton can easily be abstracted during oxidation.
Aldehydes readily undergo oxidation in strong oxidizing agents such as potassium permanganate and chromic acid. The oxidation can also be carried out using mild oxidizing agents such as silver oxide. In fact, aldehydes can be easily oxidized...
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Chemistry of Carbohydrates03:25

Chemistry of Carbohydrates

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Carbohydrates are an essential part of the diet in humans and animals. Grains, fruits, and vegetables are natural sources of carbohydrates that provide energy to the body, particularly through glucose, a simple sugar that is a component of starch and an ingredient in many staple foods. The stoichiometric formula (CH2O)n, where n is the number of carbons in the molecule represents carbohydrates. In other words, the ratio of carbon to hydrogen to oxygen is 1:2:1 in carbohydrate molecules. This...
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Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones: Baeyer–Villiger Oxidation01:22

Reactions of Aldehydes and Ketones: Baeyer–Villiger Oxidation

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Baeyer–Villiger oxidation converts aldehydes to carboxylic acids and ketones to esters. The reaction uses peroxy acids or peracids and is often catalyzed by acid. The reaction is named after its pioneers, Adolf von Baeyer and Victor Villiger. The reaction is achieved by a wide range of peracids such as m-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (mCPBA), perbenzoic acid (C6H5COOOH), peracetic acid (CH3COOOH), hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), and tert-butyl hydroperoxide (t-BuOOH).
The carbonyl center is...
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Aldehydes and Ketones with Alcohols: Hemiacetal Formation01:19

Aldehydes and Ketones with Alcohols: Hemiacetal Formation

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Similar to water, alcohols can add to the carbonyl carbon of the aldehydes and ketones. The addition of one molecule of alcohol to the carbonyl compound forms the hemiacetal or half acetal. As depicted below, in a hemiacetal, the carbon is directly linked to an OH and OR group.
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Ketones with Nonenolizable Aromatic Aldehydes: Claisen–Schmidt Condensation01:01

Ketones with Nonenolizable Aromatic Aldehydes: Claisen–Schmidt Condensation

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Benzaldehyde, like formaldehyde, lacks an α hydrogen and cannot enolize to form an enolate. Hence, the reaction of benzaldehyde with a ketone in the presence of an aqueous base forms a single crossed product. This reaction is referred to as Claisen–Schmidt condensation.
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Comprehensive Compositional Analysis of Plant Cell Walls Lignocellulosic biomass Part II: Carbohydrates
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Cellulose particles capture aldehyde VOC pollutants.

Isaac Bravo1, Freddy Figueroa1, Maria I Swasy2

  • 1School of Biological Sciences and Engineering, Yachay Tech University Urcuquí Ecuador falexis@yachaytech.edu.ec.

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|May 2, 2022
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Cellulose particles from Ecuadorian plants effectively adsorb aldehyde volatile organic compounds (VOCs). Coating with polyethylenimine (PEI) significantly enhances this VOC decontamination capability, offering an eco-friendly solution.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Materials Science
  • Green Chemistry

Background:

  • Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), particularly aldehydes, are atmospheric pollutants from human activities.
  • Sustainable materials are needed for effective VOC decontamination.
  • Cellulose particles are a potential candidate, but their properties and source effects require further study.

Purpose of the Study:

  • Evaluate unmodified cellulose particles from diverse Ecuadorian sources for VOC adsorption.
  • Investigate the enhancement of VOC adsorption using polyethylenimine (PEI) coating.
  • Understand the influence of cellulose source on adsorption properties.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization using FTIR, XRD, TGA, BET, and SEM.
  • Gas chromatography assays to quantify hexanal adsorption.
  • Modification of cellulose particles with PEI coating.

Main Results:

  • Unmodified cellulose achieved a 56.42 ± 7.30% reduction in hexanal.
  • PEI-coated cellulose demonstrated significantly enhanced adsorption, reaching 98.12 ± 1.18% reduction.
  • The source of the cellulose isolate impacts its gas-capturing properties.

Conclusions:

  • Cellulose particles from biodiverse sources are viable for aldehyde VOC adsorption.
  • PEI coating substantially improves the VOC remediation efficiency of cellulose.
  • These modified cellulose particles represent a promising, eco-friendly approach for VOC pollution control.