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Nitazoxanide in Patients Hospitalized With COVID-19 Pneumonia: A Multicentre, Randomized, Double-Blind,
Patricia R M Rocco1, Pedro L Silva1, Fernanda F Cruz1
1Carlos Chagas Filho Institute of Biophysics, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
Frontiers in Medicine
|May 2, 2022
Summary
Nitazoxanide did not prevent intensive care unit admission for hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients. However, it improved clinical outcomes, hastened hospital discharge, and reduced oxygen needs.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Pulmonology
- Clinical Pharmacology
Background:
- Nitazoxanide demonstrates antiviral and anti-inflammatory properties.
- Its efficacy in hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients remains uncertain.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the impact of nitazoxanide on patients hospitalized with COVID-19 pneumonia.
- To assess nitazoxanide's effect on intensive care unit admission and other clinical outcomes.
Main Methods:
- A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial involving 405 hospitalized COVID-19 patients requiring supplemental oxygen.
- Patients received either nitazoxanide (500 mg) or placebo, three times daily for five days.
- Primary outcome: intensive care unit admission for invasive mechanical ventilation; secondary outcomes: clinical improvement, discharge, oxygen needs, and mortality.
Main Results:
- Nitazoxanide did not significantly reduce intensive care unit admissions (HR 0.68; p=0.179) or mortality compared to placebo.
- Significant improvements were observed in clinical outcomes (2.75; p<0.0001), time to hospital discharge (1.37; p=0.005), and reduced oxygen requirements (0.77; p=0.011).
- Lower C-reactive protein, D-dimer, and ferritin levels were noted in the nitazoxanide group by day 7; no serious adverse events were reported.
Conclusions:
- Nitazoxanide did not prevent intensive care unit admission in hospitalized COVID-19 pneumonia patients.
- The study highlights potential benefits in clinical improvement and resource utilization.
