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Related Concept Videos

Endocarditis I: Introduction01:25

Endocarditis I: Introduction

44
Introduction:Endocarditis is the infection of the endocardium, the inner lining of the heart and its valves. When the heart muscle is involved, the condition is termed myocarditis, while an infection of the outer lining is called pericarditis. Infective endocarditis (IE) primarily affects the endocardium, where pathogens adhere to the valves or lining, forming vegetation that can lead to severe complications. Infective endocarditis occurs when microorganisms, usually bacteria from other body...
44
Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis01:25

Endocarditis II: Clinical Features of Infective Endocarditis

31
Endocarditis can present various clinical features depending on the causative organism and the patient's underlying health conditions. Initially, the clinical features of infective endocarditis develop gradually, presenting with nonspecific symptoms that can be easily mistaken for other illnesses.General SymptomsEarly symptoms of infective endocarditis are fever, chills, weakness, malaise, fatigue, and weight loss. These symptoms reflect the systemic nature of the infection and the body's...
31
Endocarditis III: Medical Management01:18

Endocarditis III: Medical Management

31
Infective endocarditis management involves a multifaceted approach encompassing infection prevention, lifestyle modifications, pharmacological therapy, and surgical management.Infection Prevention:Hand Hygiene: Thorough handwashing is crucial to prevent the spread of infection. Hand hygiene should be performed regularly, especially before and after using the restroom.Oral Hygiene: Good oral hygiene is essential. It includes brushing teeth immediately after waking up and before bed, flossing...
31
Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management01:29

Endocarditis IV: Nursing Management

50
Infective endocarditis (IE) is a chronic infection of the heart's endocardium, primarily affecting the heart valves. A detailed nursing assessment for a patient with IE involves collecting subjective and objective data to ensure an accurate diagnosis and timely intervention.Subjective DataThe nurse gathers information about the patient's symptoms and complaints during the subjective assessment. Patients with infective endocarditis often report non-specific symptoms that can mimic other...
50
Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic01:26

Healthcare Associated Infections I: Iatrogenic, Exogenic and Endogenic

4.5K
Healthcare-associated infections (HAIs) occur in a healthcare facility while a person receives care for another ailment. This category also includes work-related infections among healthcare staff.
HAIs significantly increase the cost of health care. Extended stays in healthcare institutions, increased disability, increased costs of medications, including specialized antibiotics, and prolonged recovery times add to the patient's expenses and the healthcare institution and funding bodies.
4.5K
Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management01:26

Mitral Stenosis III: Medical Management

31
Mitral stenosis, a condition marked by the narrowing of the mitral valve, necessitates an integrated approach for effective management. This approach includes preventative measures, medical therapy, and surgical interventions to reduce symptoms and prevent complications.PreventionPrevention of mitral stenosis primarily focuses on reducing the incidence of bacterial infections, particularly streptococcal infections, which can lead to rheumatic fever and subsequent valvular damage. Timely...
31

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Super-resolution Imaging of Proteus mirabilis Biofilm by Expansion Microscopy
07:10

Super-resolution Imaging of Proteus mirabilis Biofilm by Expansion Microscopy

Published on: July 18, 2025

600

Multivalvular infective endocarditis with Proteus mirabilis.

Amber Bux1, Ahmad Mustafa1, Muhammad Niazi1

  • 1Department of Internal Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, Staten Island, NY, USA.

Idcases
|May 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Proteus mirabilis, a common UTI bacterium, rarely causes infective endocarditis. This case highlights a fatal instance in an elderly woman with uncontrolled arrhythmias.

Keywords:
Infective endocarditisMultivalvularProteus

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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Cardiology
  • Microbiology

Background:

  • Proteus species, gram-negative rods in the Enterobacteriaceae family, are frequent causes of urinary tract infections (UTIs) and asymptomatic bacteriuria.
  • Risk factors for UTIs include advanced age, diabetes mellitus, and urinary catheterization.
  • Infective endocarditis caused by Proteus species is exceptionally rare.

Observation:

  • An 85-year-old female presented with decreased responsiveness.
  • Blood and urine cultures identified Proteus mirabilis.
  • Echocardiography revealed vegetations on the aortic and pulmonic valves.

Findings:

  • The patient developed uncontrolled tachyarrhythmias, including new-onset atrial fibrillation.
  • Subsequent bradycardia led to the discontinuation of rate-control medications.
  • Despite resuscitation efforts, the patient expired due to cardiac arrest.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the potential for Proteus mirabilis to cause severe native valve infective endocarditis.
  • The infection led to life-threatening cardiac arrhythmias and a fatal outcome.
  • Highlights the importance of considering rare pathogens in infective endocarditis, especially in elderly patients with comorbidities.