Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
07:54

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea

Published on: December 6, 2016

20.0K

Characteristics of sleep-disordered breathing in children with down syndrome - A comparison with typically developing

Hiroyuki Sawatari1, Anita Rahmawati2, Nobuko Moriyama3

  • 1Department of Perioperative and Critical Care Management, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima, Japan.

Sleep Medicine: X
|May 2, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Children with Down syndrome (DS) have higher rates of sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and unusual sleep postures (USPs) compared to typically developing children. These findings highlight potential links between DS, SDB, and sleep behaviors.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Pulmonology
  • Sleep Medicine
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Children with Down syndrome (DS) often exhibit sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) and unusual sleep postures (USPs).
  • Previous research has not directly compared SDB and USP prevalence between children with DS and typically developing control children (CC).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate and compare the prevalence of SDB and USPs in children with DS and CC.
  • To identify associations between DS, SDB parameters, and USPs.

Main Methods:

  • Overnight pulse oximetry was used to measure SDB parameters.
  • Parental questionnaires assessed SDB signs, symptoms, and sleeping postures.
  • Estimated SDB was defined by a 3% oxygen desaturation index (ODI) ≥5 dips/h.

Main Results:

  • Children with DS showed significantly higher prevalence of estimated SDB and USPs compared to CC.
  • Older children (11-15 years) with DS had higher frequencies of arousal and apnea.
  • DS was associated with SDB, 3% ODI, average SpO2, and nadir SpO2; USPs correlated with SpO2 <90%.

Conclusions:

  • SDB and USPs are more prevalent in children with DS than CC.
  • USPs may indicate severe hypoxemia related to SDB in children with DS.
  • SDB prevalence tends to increase with age in DS children, unlike in CC.
Abstract

Keywords:
ChildrenDown syndromeParental reportsSleep postureSleep-disordered breathing

More Related Videos

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm06:35

Examining Recall Memory in Infancy and Early Childhood Using the Elicited Imitation Paradigm

Published on: April 28, 2016

34.2K
Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood08:20

Measuring Neural Mechanisms Underlying Sleep-Dependent Memory Consolidation During Naps in Early Childhood

Published on: October 2, 2019

12.1K

Related Concept Videos

Sleep Apnea01:21

Sleep Apnea

Sleep apnea is a condition where breathing stops intermittently during sleep, often leading to significant health issues. Each episode can last from 10 to 20 seconds or more and is frequently accompanied by a brief arousal from sleep. This disturbance, largely unnoticed by the individual, can lead to severe daytime fatigue. Commonly, individuals seek help after being informed by their partners about loud snoring and noticeable breathing pauses during sleep.
The condition is more prevalent among...
230
Alterations in Respiration II01:30

Alterations in Respiration II

There are numerous types of normal and abnormal respiration. Based on ventilatory movements, breathing patterns are classified as regular, deep, or shallow. Examples include Biot's breathing, Cheyne-Stokes respiration, Kussmaul's breathing, hyperventilation, and hypoventilation. Each pattern is clinically significant and aids in evaluating patients.
In Biot's breathing, the respiratory rate and depth are irregular, alternating between periods of deep gasping and apnea. Common causes...
1.0K
Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion01:30

Respiratory System Abnormal Finding I: Inspection and Percussion

Respiratory system abnormalities are a significant concern in healthcare due to their potential to indicate underlying severe conditions like Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD), asthma, and pneumonia. These abnormalities can often be detected through physical examination methods like inspection and percussion.
Inspection Findings
During an inspection, several findings may suggest the presence of respiratory distress or disease. Pursed-lip breathing, where exhalation is slowed by...
451
Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection01:27

Physical Assessment of the Respiratory Tract II: Inspection

Physical assessment of the respiratory tract through inspection is a crucial step in understanding the patient's respiratory health. It provides insights into the functioning of the respiratory system, the musculoskeletal structure, and even the patient's nutritional status. This comprehensive approach involves observing several vital aspects: chest configuration, breathing patterns, respiratory rates, skin color, and use of accessory muscles.
Chest Configuration
The chest configuration...
427
Nightmares and Night Terrors01:18

Nightmares and Night Terrors

Nightmares and night terrors represent two distinct types of sleep disturbances that differ in timing, characteristics, and the sleeper's recall of the event. Nightmares are vivid, disturbing dreams that usually awaken the sleeper from REM sleep, a stage of sleep where brain activity is high, and dreams are most frequent. Upon awakening, individuals often have detailed recollections of their nightmares, which can include themes of threats to survival, security, or self-esteem.
Nightmares...
168
Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I01:26

Respiratory Volumes and Capacities I

Assessing the respiratory rate and rhythm for a complete minute is crucial for evaluating the breathing pattern. Even a minor increase in the patient's average respiratory rate, by as little as three to five breaths per minute, is an early and vital indicator of respiratory distress. Patients with a respiratory rate exceeding twenty-four breaths per minute require close monitoring to determine the physiological alterations. This careful observation is essential for prompt recognition and...
1.3K