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Related Concept Videos

Antimicrobial Effectiveness01:28

Antimicrobial Effectiveness

190
The effectiveness of antimicrobial agents depends on various factors influencing their ability to eliminate microbial populations. Larger microbial populations require more time for complete eradication, emphasizing the importance of population size analysis when evaluating antimicrobial efficacy.Microbial resistance to antimicrobial agents varies significantly. Highly resilient microorganisms include endospores, gram-negative bacteria, and non-enveloped viruses, while prions are exceptionally...
190
Biological Methods for Microbial Control01:28

Biological Methods for Microbial Control

226
Biological agents offer an effective means of controlling microbial growth by leveraging natural processes like predation, competition, and the secretion of antimicrobial substances.Predatory bacteria such as Bdellovibrio species target and kill pathogens like Salmonella and E. coli. They are widely used in poultry farms to control infections. Myxococcus species help combat plant-pathogenic fungi. These naturally occurring predators serve as eco-friendly alternatives to chemical pesticides and...
226
Chemical Agents for Microbial Control01:27

Chemical Agents for Microbial Control

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Chemicals play important roles in controlling microbial growth by targeting microbial structures and functions as sanitizers, antiseptics, disinfectants, and sterilants.Alcohols are commonly used sanitizers, effectively disrupting lipid membranes, which compromises cell integrity. They are also used as antiseptics and disinfectants due to their rapid action and versatility.Phenols and their derivatives phenolics , known for denaturing proteins and disrupting cell membranes, are particularly...
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Antimicrobial Proteins01:23

Antimicrobial Proteins

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Antimicrobial proteins are important components of the immune system. They aid the body in combating pathogens by either killing them directly or hindering their replication processes. Four main types of antimicrobial substances are interferons, the complement system, iron-binding proteins, and antimicrobial proteins.
Interferons
Interferons (IFNs) are proteins produced by lymphocytes, macrophages, and fibroblasts infected with viruses. While IFNs cannot prevent viruses from entering and...
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Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing01:28

Gene Regulation in Microbial Communities: Quorum Sensing

107
Quorum sensing is a mechanism of bacterial communication that enables coordinated gene expression in response to changes in population density. This facilitates collective behaviors that enhance survival, resource acquisition, and ecological adaptation. This process relies on small signaling molecules called autoinducers that accumulate as bacterial populations grow. When a critical threshold concentration of autoinducers is reached, bacterial cells collectively modify gene expression,...
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Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth01:29

Methods for Controlling Microbial Growth

569
Microbial growth control refers to various methods employed to inhibit, reduce, or eliminate microorganisms to ensure safety and hygiene across different settings. These methods are categorized based on the target environment and the level of microbial control required.Biocides are versatile agents designed to control microorganisms by either inhibiting their growth or outright killing them. These agents work through various physical, chemical, mechanical, or biological mechanisms. The...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 25, 2025

Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes
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Isolation and Identification of Waterborne Antibiotic-Resistant Bacteria and Molecular Characterization of their Antibiotic Resistance Genes

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Antimicrobial agents and microbial ecology.

Patrick Di Martino1

  • 1Groupe Biofilm et Comportement Microbien aux Interfaces, Laboratoire ERRMECe Cergy Paris Université, 1 rue Descartes 95000 Neuville-sur-Oise, cedex, France.

AIMS Microbiology
|May 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Thousands of tonnes of antimicrobials enter aquatic environments annually, promoting antibiotic resistance. Future solutions involve developing biosourced molecules inspired by natural organism interactions.

Keywords:
Antimicrobialantibioticbioinspiredbiosourceddisinfectantecologyresistance

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Microbiology
  • Ecotoxicology

Background:

  • Antimicrobials and disinfectants are released into aquatic environments, impacting ecosystems and wastewater treatment.
  • Exposure to both high and sub-inhibitory concentrations of antibiotics drives antibiotic resistance development in environmental microbial communities.

Discussion:

  • Xenobiotic compounds like antimicrobials pose ecological risks in natural and technological settings.
  • The widespread presence of antimicrobials contributes to the critical issue of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).

Key Insights:

  • Environmental release of antimicrobials is a significant source of selective pressure for antibiotic resistance.
  • Microbial communities in aquatic and soil environments are constantly exposed to varying concentrations of these substances.

Outlook:

  • The future of antimicrobial development hinges on biosourced or bioinspired molecules.
  • Understanding inter-organism interactions is crucial for discovering novel antimicrobial strategies.