Antimicrobial resistance: One Health approach

Area of Science:

• One Health
• Microbiology
• Public Health

Background:

• Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a significant global health challenge.
• AMR affects humans, animals, and the environment, underscoring the need for a One Health approach.
• The overuse and misuse of antimicrobials in human medicine, agriculture, and livestock contribute to AMR.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and analyze antimicrobial resistance (AMR) through the lens of the One Health framework.
• To examine the multifaceted nature of AMR as a global health problem.
• To identify the various stakeholders and their roles within the One Health approach to combat AMR.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature review was conducted.
• Publications were systematically searched using keywords such as "antimicrobial resistance" and "One Health."
• The analysis focused on understanding the interconnectedness of AMR across different sectors.

Main Results:

• Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) is a prime example of a global health issue that necessitates a One Health strategy.
• Factors contributing to AMR spread include improper antimicrobial management, inadequate infection control, agricultural runoff, environmental pollutants, and the movement of resistant bacteria.
• The study confirms the intricate relationship between human health, animal health, and environmental factors in the context of AMR.

Conclusions:

• The One Health approach is crucial for effectively addressing the complex challenge of antimicrobial resistance (AMR).
• Integrated strategies involving human medicine, animal husbandry, and environmental management are essential to mitigate AMR.
• Further research and collaboration among all involved actors are vital to control the spread of AMR and protect global health.