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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Disease Prevention
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • HIV prevention options were limited before 2010.
  • Tenofovir-based pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) emerged as a significant advancement.
  • Behavioral changes, condoms, and circumcision were primary prevention methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To reflect on the integration of oral tenofovir-based PrEP into global HIV prevention strategies.
  • To highlight the impact of tenofovir (TFV) in preventing sexual transmission of HIV.
  • To trace the evolution of PrEP from proof-of-concept to widespread adoption.

Main Methods:

  • Review of subsequent studies evaluating oral tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and TDF/emtricitabine (FTC) combinations.
  • Analysis of evidence supporting regulatory approval and guideline inclusion.
  • Examination of PrEP initiation data and its impact on HIV incidence.

Main Results:

  • Tenofovir-based PrEP demonstrated efficacy in preventing sexual HIV transmission.
  • Oral TDF and TDF/FTC combinations received regulatory approval.
  • By 2021, 1.5 million people initiated oral tenofovir-based PrEP globally.
  • Declines in HIV incidence were observed in some regions due to PrEP implementation.

Conclusions:

  • Oral tenofovir-based PrEP is a crucial component of combination HIV prevention.
  • The widespread adoption of PrEP has significantly impacted the global HIV prevention landscape.
  • Continued research and implementation are vital for further reducing HIV transmission.