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Related Concept Videos

Chirality02:25

Chirality

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Chirality is a term that describes the lack of mirror symmetry in an object. In other words, chiral objects cannot be superposed on their mirror images. For example, our feet are chiral, as the mirror image of the left foot, the right foot, cannot be superposed on the left foot.
Chiral objects exhibit a sense of handedness when they interact with another chiral object. For example, our left foot can only fit in the left shoe and not in the right shoe. Achiral objects — objects that have...
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Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur02:30

Chirality at Nitrogen, Phosphorus, and Sulfur

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Chirality is most prevalent in carbon-based tetrahedral compounds, but this important facet of molecular symmetry extends to sp3-hybridized nitrogen, phosphorus and sulfur centers, including trivalent molecules with lone pairs. Here, the lone pair behaves as a functional group in addition to the other three substituents to form an analogous tetrahedral center that can be chiral.
A consequence of chirality is the need for enantiomeric resolution. While this is theoretically possible for all...
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Chirality in Nature02:30

Chirality in Nature

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Chirality is the most intriguing yet essential facet of nature, governing life’s biochemical processes and precision. It can be observed from a snail shell pattern in a macroscopic world to an amino acid, the minutest building block of life. Most of the snails around the world have right-coiled shells because of the intrinsic chirality in their genes. All the amino acids present in the human body exist in an enantiomerically pure state, except for glycine - the sole achiral amino acid.
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Ferromagnetism01:31

Ferromagnetism

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Materials like iron, nickel, and cobalt consist of magnetic domains, within which the magnetic dipoles are arranged parallel to each other. The magnetic dipoles are rigidly aligned in the same direction within a domain by quantum mechanical coupling among the atoms. This coupling is so strong that even thermal agitation at room temperature cannot break it. The result is that each domain has a net dipole moment. However, some materials have weaker coupling, and are ferromagnetic at lower...
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Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers02:25

Molecules with Multiple Chiral Centers

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Molecules that possess multiple chiral centers can afford a large number of stereoisomers. For instance, while some molecules like 2-butanol have one chiral center, defined as a tetrahedral carbon atom with four different substituents attached, several molecules like butane-2,3-diol have multiple chiral centers. A simple formula to predict the number of stereoisomers possible for a molecule with n chiral centers is 2n. However, there can be a lower number where some of the stereoisomers are...
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Stereoisomerism02:52

Stereoisomerism

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Isomerism in Complexes
Isomers are different chemical species that have the same chemical formula.
Transition metal complexes often exist as geometric isomers, in which the same atoms are connected through the same types of bonds but with differences in their orientation in space. Coordination complexes with two different ligands in the cis and trans positions from a ligand of interest form isomers. For example, the octahedral [Co(NH3)4Cl2]+ ion has two isomers (Figure 1) In the cis...
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Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Visualizing Uniaxial-strain Manipulation of Antiferromagnetic Domains in Fe1+YTe Using a Spin-polarized Scanning Tunneling Microscope
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Screw Dislocations in Chiral Magnets.

Maria Azhar1, Volodymyr P Kravchuk1,2, Markus Garst1,3

  • 1Institut für Theoretische Festkörperphysik, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76131 Karlsruhe, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|May 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Screw dislocations in cubic chiral magnets exhibit diverse core structures, including chains of Bloch points. These defects possess skyrmion charge, enabling manipulation by spin currents and contributing to the topological Hall effect.

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Area of Science:

  • Condensed matter physics
  • Materials science
  • Magnetism

Background:

  • Helimagnets exhibit lamellar ordering with topological defects like disclinations and dislocations.
  • Understanding the micromagnetic structure of these defects is crucial for novel magnetic device applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the micromagnetic structure of screw dislocation lines in cubic chiral magnets.
  • To classify dislocation core structures and their properties.

Main Methods:

  • Analytical modeling of magnetic structures.
  • Numerical simulations of micromagnetism.

Main Results:

  • Screw dislocations in cubic chiral magnets display universal far-field behavior characterized by an integer strength ν.
  • A variety of dislocation-core structures are identified, including smooth and singular magnetization configurations.
  • A specific case (ν=1) reveals a core composed of singular Bloch points.
  • Screw dislocations carry a finite, non-integer skyrmion charge.

Conclusions:

  • The diverse core structures of screw dislocations offer pathways for tailored magnetic properties.
  • The skyrmion charge of screw dislocations suggests potential for manipulation via spin currents.
  • These findings highlight the role of screw dislocations in the topological Hall effect.