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Related Concept Videos

Criticisms of the Evolutionary Perspective01:23

Criticisms of the Evolutionary Perspective

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In a study where individuals posing as strangers offered compliments and proposed casual sex to students, the responses differed significantly based on gender. Not a single woman accepted the proposal, while 70% of the men agreed. This outcome provides a useful scenario to explore through the lens of evolutionary psychology and social learning theory, highlighting the diverse perspectives on human sexual behaviors.
Evolutionary psychology provides one explanation for these findings, suggesting...
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Evolutionary Psychology01:20

Evolutionary Psychology

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Evolutionary psychology explores the origins of human behavior and mental processes by framing them within the context of natural selection, a theory famously propounded by Charles Darwin. This field asserts that many behaviors common across human societies — ranging from instinctive fear reactions to complex social interactions — arose as evolutionary adaptations. These adaptations enhanced the survival and reproductive success of our ancestors, thereby becoming embedded in the...
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Self-Discrepancy Theory02:45

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One influential perspective on what motivates people's behavior is detailed in Tory Higgin's self-discrepancy theory (Higgins, 1987). He proposed that people hold disagreeing internal representations of themselves that lead to different emotional states.  
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Natural Selection and Mating Preferences01:06

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The principle of natural selection posits that organisms better adapted to their environment are more likely to survive and reproduce. This principle is closely intertwined with mating preferences, a key aspect of sexual selection, which evolutionary psychologists believe is driven by instincts to propagate one's genes. Such instincts significantly influence mating behaviors and preferences between genders.
Females, due to their biological roles in conception, pregnancy, and nursing,...
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Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects01:29

Self-Discrepancy and Its Effects

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Self-discrepancy theory explains how people compare their actual self to their ideal and ought selves and how mismatches between these self-guides can lead to emotional distress. Developed by E. Tory Higgins, the theory distinguishes among three components of self-concept: the actual self, the ideal self, and the ought self. These refer respectively to how individuals perceive themselves, how they aspire to be, and how they believe they are obligated to be. Emotional well-being, self-esteem,...
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We have discussed why we form relationships, what attracts us to others, and different types of love. But what determines whether we are satisfied with and stay in a relationship? One theory that provides an explanation is social exchange theory. According to social exchange theory, we act as naïve economists in keeping a tally of the ratio of costs and benefits of forming and maintaining a relationship with others (Rusbult & Van Lange, 2003).
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Related Experiment Video

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Applying an eMASS Customization Program as a Research Tool to Evaluate Consumer Benefits
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Why consumers have everything but happiness: An evolutionary mismatch perspective.

Yuqian Chang1, Kristina M Durante1

  • 1Rutgers Business School-Newark and New Brunswick, 1 Washington Park, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA.

Current Opinion in Psychology
|May 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Modern life

Keywords:
Consumer wellbeingDigital marketingEvolutionary psychologyMental healthMismatchStress

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Area of Science:

  • Evolutionary psychology
  • Consumer behavior
  • Public health

Background:

  • Modern marketplaces offer conveniences but coincide with rising health issues.
  • The human body and mind evolved in ancestral environments, not modern ones.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore the evolutionary mismatch perspective on modern health deficits.
  • To identify mismatches contributing to consumer vulnerability and dissatisfaction.
  • To propose strategies for mitigating illness and enhancing wellbeing.

Main Methods:

  • Articulating the evolutionary mismatch hypothesis.
  • Discussing three key evolutionary mismatches.
  • Reviewing emerging research on consumer health.

Main Results:

  • The human evolved psychology interacts with the modern environment as if it were ancestral.
  • This mismatch contributes to physical and mental health deficits.
  • Three specific mismatches are identified as key factors.

Conclusions:

  • Evolutionary mismatches between our evolved nature and the modern environment are a significant driver of disease and dissatisfaction.
  • Understanding these mismatches is crucial for developing effective health and wellbeing strategies.