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Related Concept Videos

Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

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The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

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The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the...
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Tactile and Chemical Senses01:27

Tactile and Chemical Senses

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Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex.
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Sensory Functions of the Skin01:16

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The skin is the largest organ of the human body and plays a crucial role in our sensory perception. It contains a vast network of sensory receptors that contribute to the skin's protective function by perceiving physical, biological, and environmental cues and generating relevant responses.
There are two main categories of receptors on the skin: capsulated and non-capsulated. The non-capsulated ones are mainly the pain receptors. The capsulated ones can be further categorized based on the...
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Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:24

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

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The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
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Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex01:14

Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex

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The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Tactile Semiautomatic Passive-Finger Angle Stimulator TSPAS
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Neural correlates of texture perception during active touch.

Jessica Henderson1, Tyler Mari1, Andrew Hopkinson2

  • 1School of Psychology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.

Behavioural Brain Research
|May 2, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Exploring textures with active touch reveals distinct brain activity patterns. Active exploration, unlike passive touch, shows specific sensorimotor cortex changes related to texture properties like smoothness and softness.

Keywords:
Active touchElectroencephalographyTexture perceptionTime-frequency analysis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Sensory Perception
  • Haptics

Background:

  • Passive texture perception studies show sensorimotor cortex oscillation attenuation.
  • Active touch involves dynamic movements, potentially altering cortical activity differently than passive perception.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cortical oscillatory changes during active texture perception using electroencephalography (EEG).
  • To fuse quantified active touch data with EEG to understand neural correlates of active texture exploration.

Main Methods:

  • EEG recorded brain activity during active exploration of three natural textures (silk, cotton, hessian).
  • A touch sensor measured finger load and position during exploration.
  • Analysis focused on alpha and beta band power changes, specifically event-related desynchronisation/synchronisation (ERD/ERS).

Main Results:

  • Active texture exploration elicited bilateral sensorimotor cortical activation.
  • Beta-band ERD was observed over sensorimotor regions, varying with texture type (smooth, soft, rough).
  • Individual differences in perceived softness/smoothness correlated with variations in cortical oscillatory activity.

Conclusions:

  • Active touch perception involves distinct neural mechanisms compared to passive perception.
  • Cortical oscillations, particularly in the beta band, are crucial for processing texture information during active exploration.
  • This study provides novel insights into the neural basis of active haptic perception.