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Insulin Resistance in Experimental Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus
V V Ivanov1, E E Buyko2,3, A A Ufandeev2
1Siberian State Medical University, Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Tomsk, Russia. ivanovvv1953@gmail.com.
Bulletin of Experimental Biology and Medicine
|May 2, 2022
Summary
Experimental type 1 diabetes in rats showed that insulin resistance is linked to increased fat in skeletal muscles. This finding helps understand diabetes complications and fat metabolism.
Area of Science:
- Biomedical Science
- Endocrinology
- Metabolic Research
Background:
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) is a metabolic disorder characterized by insulin deficiency.
- Insulin resistance is a common complication in diabetes, impacting glucose metabolism.
- Understanding the molecular mechanisms of insulin resistance is crucial for therapeutic development.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the relationship between triacylglycerol accumulation and insulin resistance in an experimental model of T1DM.
- To characterize the metabolic alterations associated with alloxan-induced T1DM in rats.
Main Methods:
- Type 1 diabetes mellitus was induced in rats using intraperitoneal injections of alloxan.
- Insulin tolerance tests were performed to assess insulin resistance by calculating the glucose utilization rate constant (KITT).
- Serum and tissue (liver, skeletal muscle) triacylglycerol levels, free fatty acids, and other diabetes markers were analyzed.
Main Results:
- Alloxan-induced T1DM rats exhibited classic symptoms including hyperglycemia, hypoinsulinemia, and weight loss.
- Insulin resistance was confirmed by decreased KITT values.
- Significant increases in serum free fatty acids and triacylglycerols were observed, with skeletal muscle triacylglycerol content rising while liver content decreased.
- A negative linear correlation was established between KITT and muscle triacylglycerol content.
Conclusions:
- Insulin resistance in experimental T1DM in rats is associated with the accumulation of triacylglycerols in skeletal muscles.
- Skeletal muscle lipid accumulation may play a significant role in the development of insulin resistance in T1DM.
- These findings provide insights into the metabolic derangements underlying T1DM and insulin resistance.
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