Challenges of Medical Error Reporting in Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital: A Qualitative Exploratory Study

Medical error is defined as "an act of omission or commission in planning or execution that contributes or could contribute to an unintended result". It is a serious public health problem that can pose a threat to patient safety and if managed it can be an opportunity to an organizational learning. This study aimed to assess the challenges of error reporting.

Explorative qualitative cross-sectional study was conducted. The study was conducted among healthcare providers in Mizan-Tepi University Teaching Hospital. The study participants were selected purposely based on the patient contact hour and had served in this hospital for long period of time. Twenty-one in-depth interviews were undertaken. From each wards, three in-depth interviews were held. Case team leaders and other healthcare providers were identified and interviewed. The data were analyzed thematically.

Twenty-one healthcare providers were recruited for this study. Majority of the participants, 12 (57.1%) were nurses and midwives and as to marital status, 18 (85.7%) were married. Challenges for reporting medical errors were identified as perceived lack of confidentiality of the medical errors, perceived punitive measures, lack of good reporting system, perceived fear of losing acceptance, lack of learning culture from errors, information asymmetry, mass-media publication of medical errors, avoidance of conflict and attitude of health professionals.

There were system and individual related challenges for reporting of medical errors. Healthcare managers should enhance medical error reporting for organizational learning by addressing these system and individual factors.