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TPMS-based membrane lung with locally-modified permeabilities for optimal flow distribution.

Felix Hesselmann1, Michael Halwes2, Patrick Bongartz3

  • 1Department of Cardiovascular Engineering, Institute of Applied Medical Engineering, Helmholtz Institute, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 20, 52074, Aachen, Germany. felix.hesselmann@rwth-aachen.de.

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This study introduces a novel membrane lung design using triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) to improve blood flow distribution. The new design enhances efficiency and reduces thrombosis risk in artificial lungs.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Materials Science
  • Fluid Dynamics

Background:

  • Membrane lungs, crucial for artificial respiration, face complications due to uneven blood flow distribution within hollow fiber bundles.
  • Non-uniform flow can lead to both excessively high flow and stagnant regions, compromising device performance and patient safety.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a novel membrane lung module design utilizing triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) to achieve uniform blood flow distribution.
  • To explore the potential of TPMS geometries for tailoring local permeability and optimizing blood flow dynamics in artificial lungs.

Main Methods:

  • Computational fluid dynamics simulations were used to design and optimize TPMS-based structures for specific permeability profiles.
  • A computer-aided design (CAD) model was created based on simulation results, and a prototype device was manufactured using additive manufacturing.
  • The performance of the TPMS-based membrane lung was experimentally evaluated and compared against an industry-standard device.

Main Results:

  • The novel TPMS design successfully homogenized blood flow distribution within the membrane module.
  • The device demonstrated a reduced blood residence time, indicating improved efficiency.
  • The optimized flow distribution suggests a potential increase in resistance to thrombosis.

Conclusions:

  • Triply periodic minimal surfaces (TPMS) offer a promising new platform for designing advanced medical devices, particularly for optimizing flow in membrane-based systems.
  • This TPMS-based membrane lung design represents a significant advancement in artificial lung technology, potentially leading to safer and more effective patient treatment.
  • The integration of computational design, additive manufacturing, and TPMS geometry presents a powerful approach for future biomedical device innovation.