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Gadd45 Proteins in Immunity 2.0.

Ingo Schmitz1

  • 1Department of Molecular Immunology, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. ingo.schmitz@ruhr-uni-bochum.de.

Advances in Experimental Medicine and Biology
|May 3, 2022
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Summary

Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45 (Gadd45) proteins are crucial intracellular signaling molecules in the vertebrate immune system. This review updates their role in immune cell function, infection, autoimmunity, and tumor immunology.

Keywords:
AutoimmunityAutophagyGADD45ImmunityInfectionLymphoid cellsMyeloid cellsTumor immunology

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • The vertebrate immune system distinguishes self from non-self and harmless from dangerous to combat pathogens and tumor cells.
  • It comprises innate and adaptive branches, diverse cell types, and strategic locations for surveillance.
  • Immune cell communication is vital, with Growth arrest and DNA damage-inducible 45 (Gadd45) proteins mediating intracellular signaling.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an updated overview of Gadd45 proteins' roles in the immune system.
  • To contextualize Gadd45 proteins within the broader understanding of immune function.
  • To explore Gadd45 protein functions in various immunological contexts.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and synthesis of recent advancements in Gadd45 protein research.
  • Introduction to the immune system and Gadd45 protein families.
  • Discussion of Gadd45 protein involvement in myeloid and lymphoid cells.

Main Results:

  • Substantial progress has been made in understanding both the immune system and Gadd45 proteins in the last seven years.
  • Gadd45 proteins are key players in intracellular signaling networks.
  • The review covers Gadd45 protein functions in infection, autoimmunity, and tumor immunology.

Conclusions:

  • Gadd45 proteins are integral to immune cell communication and response.
  • This review serves as an update ('Gadd45 proteins in immunity 2.0') on their multifaceted roles.
  • Further research into Gadd45 proteins will enhance our understanding of immunity and disease.