Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure01:03

Olfactory Receptors: Location and Structure

9.7K
The process of olfaction, also known as the sense of smell, is a sophisticated chemical response system. The specialized sensory neurons that facilitate this process, known as olfactory receptor neurons, are situated in an upper segment of the nasal cavity, known as the olfactory epithelium. Olfactory sensory neurons are bipolar, with their dendrites extending from the epithelium's apex into the mucus that lines the nasal cavity. Airborne molecules, when inhaled, traverse the olfactory...
9.7K
Olfaction01:25

Olfaction

45.3K
The sense of smell is achieved through the activities of the olfactory system. It starts when an airborne odorant enters the nasal cavity and reaches olfactory epithelium (OE). The OE is protected by a thin layer of mucus, which also serves the purpose of dissolving more complex compounds into simpler chemical odorants. The size of the OE and the density of sensory neurons varies among species; in humans, the OE is only about 9-10 cm2.
The olfactory receptors are embedded in the cilia of the...
45.3K
Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway01:20

Physiology of Smell and Olfactory Pathway

9.8K
Humans detect odors with the help of specialized cells located in the upper part of the nasal cavity, called olfactory receptor neurons (ORNs). ORNs possess hair-like structures called cilia, which are receptive to sensations from the inhaled air. When an odorant molecule binds to a specific receptor on the cell of the cilia, it leads to a series of events that ultimately cause the ORN to send electrical signals to the olfactory bulb in the brain through the olfactory nerves.
The olfactory...
9.8K
COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features01:20

COPD: Pathogenesis and Clinical Features

604
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a group of lung conditions that progressively worsen over time, including chronic bronchitis and emphysema. This cluster of diseases collectively leads to a gradual and irreversible decline in lung function over time.
The primary cause for the onset of COPD is cigarette smoking and exposure to air pollution. These hazardous factors initiate a chain reaction within the lungs, resulting in chronic inflammation, damage to the airways, and a...
604
Prosopagnosia01:24

Prosopagnosia

298
Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...
298
Nose and Nasal Cavity01:24

Nose and Nasal Cavity

5.1K
The nose is composed of an observable exterior segment (external nose) and an internal segment within the skull known as the nasal cavity (internal nose). The external nose, visible on the face, consists of a framework of bone and hyaline cartilage enveloped in skin and muscle and lined with a mucous membrane. This structure is supported by the frontal bone, nasal bones, and maxillary bone and is supplemented by a cartilaginous framework comprising the septal nasal cartilage, lateral nasal...
5.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Development of the Sinus Headache Screener (SHS).

The Laryngoscope·2026
Same author

Olfactory cleft biopsy analysis of Alzheimer's disease pathobiology across disease stages.

Nature communications·2026
Same author

Analysis of mucosal immune dysregulation and safety and tolerability of endoscopic topical steroid therapy for long-COVID hyposmia: randomized, double-blinded pilot study.

Communications medicine·2025
Same author

Olfactory biopsy analysis of Alzheimer's pathobiology across disease stages.

bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology·2025
Same author

Leaf Developmental Stage Influences Disease Resistance in Tomato.

Molecular plant pathology·2025
Same author

Over-the-Counter Medications for Sinus Headache: A Cross-Sectional Survey Study.

OTO open·2025
Same journal

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy in adults with Sleep Disordered Breathing: Technique and the VOTE Classification System.

Operative techniques in otolaryngology--head and neck surgery·2026
Same journal

Adjuvant and neoadjuvant treatment for melanoma: integrating immunotherapy, radiation and systemic therapies into surgical practice.

Operative techniques in otolaryngology--head and neck surgery·2026
Same journal

Female Surgical Ergonomics in Otolaryngology.

Operative techniques in otolaryngology--head and neck surgery·2025
Same journal

Contemporary Mechanics of Conductive Hearing Loss.

Operative techniques in otolaryngology--head and neck surgery·2024
Same journal

Pandemics and pediatric otolaryngology.

Operative techniques in otolaryngology--head and neck surgery·2022
Same journal

COVID-19 and the resurgence of telehealth in otolaryngology.

Operative techniques in otolaryngology--head and neck surgery·2022
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
04:00

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests

Published on: September 13, 2024

996

Olfactory dysfunction and COVID-19.

Rhea Choi1, Rupali Gupta1, John B Finlay2

  • 1Department of Head and Neck Surgery & Communication Sciences, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, United States.

Operative Techniques in Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery
|May 4, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

COVID-19 can cause olfactory dysfunction, including loss of smell (anosmia) and smell distortions (parosmia). This review examines how SARS-CoV-2 affects the peripheral olfactory system and discusses patient management.

Keywords:
COVID-19OlfactionOlfactory dysfunction

More Related Videos

High-Speed Human Temporal Bone Sectioning for the Assessment of COVID-19-Associated Middle Ear Pathology
03:42

High-Speed Human Temporal Bone Sectioning for the Assessment of COVID-19-Associated Middle Ear Pathology

Published on: May 18, 2022

2.4K
Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic
09:03

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic

Published on: November 7, 2020

5.0K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests
04:00

Author Spotlight: Assessing the Olfactory Effects of Airborne Pollutants — Buried Food and Social Odor Tests

Published on: September 13, 2024

996
High-Speed Human Temporal Bone Sectioning for the Assessment of COVID-19-Associated Middle Ear Pathology
03:42

High-Speed Human Temporal Bone Sectioning for the Assessment of COVID-19-Associated Middle Ear Pathology

Published on: May 18, 2022

2.4K
Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic
09:03

Nasal Brushing Sampling and Processing Using Digital High Speed Ciliary Videomicroscopy – Adaptation for the COVID-19 Pandemic

Published on: November 7, 2020

5.0K

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Otolaryngology

Background:

  • The peripheral olfactory system is crucial for smell perception.
  • COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, is frequently associated with olfactory dysfunction.
  • Anosmia and parosmia are common symptoms impacting quality of life.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an overview of olfactory dysfunction in COVID-19.
  • To review the mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 interaction with the olfactory system.
  • To discuss current and future management strategies for post-COVID olfactory dysfunction.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of human studies and animal models.
  • Analysis of the pathophysiology of SARS-CoV-2 infection in the olfactory system.
  • Synthesis of clinical recommendations and research directions.

Main Results:

  • SARS-CoV-2 can damage olfactory sensory neurons and supporting cells.
  • Multiple mechanisms are proposed for viral-induced olfactory damage.
  • Persistent olfactory dysfunction is a significant post-COVID-19 complication.

Conclusions:

  • Understanding the mechanisms of olfactory dysfunction is key to developing effective treatments.
  • Current management focuses on symptomatic relief and olfactory training.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate long-term effects and therapeutic interventions.