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Updated: Sep 24, 2025
11:22
Microbiota Analysis Using Two-step PCR and Next-generation 16S rRNA Gene Sequencing
Published on: October 15, 2019
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Bidirectional relationships between the gut microbiome and sexual traits
Ángela Del Castillo-Izquierdo1,2,3, Jordi Mayneris-Perxachs1,2,3, José Manuel Fernández-Real1,2,3,4
1Department of Diabetes, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Dr. Josep Trueta University Hospital, Girona, Spain.
American Journal of Physiology. Cell Physiology
|May 4, 2022
Summary
The gut microbiome differs significantly between adult men and women, influenced by sex hormones. These gut microbes also impact hormone metabolism, showing a bidirectional relationship.
Area of Science:
- Microbiome research
- Human physiology
- Sex differences
Background:
- Gut microbiota composition varies with environmental and host factors.
- Sex-specific differences in gut microbiota emerge during adulthood.
- Hormonal fluctuations significantly influence gut microbial communities.
Purpose of the Study:
- To explore the bidirectional relationship between the gut microbiome and sexual traits.
- To investigate how gut microbiota composition correlates with sex hormone levels.
- To understand the role of gut bacteria in sexual hormone metabolism.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of gut microbiota composition between sexes.
- Correlation studies between microbial taxa and hormone levels.
- Investigation of microbial enzymes involved in hormone metabolism.
Main Results:
- Distinct microbial signatures are observed in adult men and women.
- Gut microbiota composition predicts circulating testosterone levels.
- Specific bacteria metabolize gonadal steroid hormones, including testosterone.
Conclusions:
- The gut microbiome and sexual traits exhibit a bidirectional relationship.
- Sex hormones influence gut microbiota, and microbes modulate hormone levels.
- Further research is needed on unexplored microbial members and their role in sexual dimorphism.
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