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A database for retrieving information on SARS-CoV-2 S protein mutations based on correlation network analysis.

Yoshiyuki Ogata1, Ruri Kitayama2

  • 1Graduate School of Agriculture, Osaka Metropolitan University, Sakai, Osaka, 599-8531, Japan. ogatay@omu.ac.jp.

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The Vcorn SARS-CoV-2 database visualizes unusual mutations in the Mu variant using correlation network analysis. This approach helps understand the complex origins of SARS-CoV-2 variants and their S protein mutations.

Keywords:
Correlation networkDatabaseMu variantMutationSARS-CoV-2

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Area of Science:

  • Virology
  • Genomics
  • Bioinformatics

Background:

  • Over a million SARS-CoV-2 genomes are available, aiding in tracking viral evolution and transmission.
  • Phylogenetic trees are useful but struggle to visualize the atypical mutations of variants like Mu.
  • The Mu variant, identified in South America, presents a unique combination of mutations challenging current visualization methods.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To construct a database (Vcorn SARS-CoV-2) for visualizing COVID-19 infections and S protein mutations.
  • To analyze SARS-CoV-2 mutations using correlation network analysis.
  • To illustrate the unusual mutation characteristics of the Mu variant.

Main Methods:

  • Developed the Vcorn SARS-CoV-2 database.
  • Employed correlation network analysis, using the recall index between mutations.
  • Constructed a network where nodes represent mutations and modules represent variants like Alpha and Delta.

Main Results:

  • The Vcorn database effectively displays COVID-19 and S protein mutations.
  • Correlation network analysis revealed that Mu variant mutations are dispersed across multiple network modules.
  • This distribution suggests Mu mutations may arise from multiple ancestral variants or represent a basal lineage with high mutation rates.

Conclusions:

  • Vcorn SARS-CoV-2 provides a novel way to view SARS-CoV-2 S protein mutations.
  • The analysis highlights the complex mutational profile of the Mu variant.
  • The Vcorn database is publicly accessible for further research.