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JNK1 and JNK3: divergent functions in hippocampal metabolic-cognitive function
Oriol Busquets1,2,3,4,5, Triana Espinosa-Jiménez1,3,4, Miren Ettcheto1,2,3,4
1Department of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutic Chemistry, Pharmacy and Food Sciences Faculty, University of Barcelona, 08028, Barcelona, Spain.
Chronic high-fat diet (HFD) negatively impacts cognition, but JNK1 loss of function protects against metabolic stress and cognitive decline, unlike JNK3.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Metabolic Research
- Cellular Stress Response
Background:
- Metabolic activity alterations are linked to neurodegenerative diseases.
- Chronic metabolic stress, induced by high-fat diets (HFD), impacts cognition.
- c-Jun N-terminal Kinases (JNK) are key in stress and cell death pathways.
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate HFD effects on cognition.
- Examine the role of JNK1 and JNK3 isoforms in metabolic stress and cognitive function.
Main Methods:
- Mice were fed conventional chow or HFD from weaning to 9 months.
- Evaluated peripheral biometrics (body weight, glucose/insulin tolerance tests).
- Assessed cognitive function via behavioral tests and spine density; conducted molecular analyses.
Main Results:
- HFD with JNK3 deficiency exacerbated weight gain, insulin resistance, and cognitive deficits.
- JNK3 deficiency led to increased endoplasmic reticulum stress.
- JNK1 deficiency maintained metabolic health and cognitive function under HFD stress.
Conclusions:
- JNK3 downregulation is not ideal for treating metabolic-cognitive issues.
- JNK1 loss of function promotes metabolic and cognitive resilience against HFD effects.
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