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Lirong Zheng1,2, Zhuo Liu1, Qiang Zhang3

  • 1School of Physics and Astronomy, Institute of Natural Sciences, Shanghai National Center for Applied Mathematics (SJTU Center), MOE-LSC, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Shanghai 200240 China hongl3liang@sjtu.edu.cn.

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Interfacial water stays liquid below freezing, providing material flexibility. Its dynamics show a universal subzero onset due to hydrogen bond switching, independent of the surface.

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Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Surface Science

Background:

  • Interfacial water remains liquid below 0 °C, crucial for material function at subzero temperatures.
  • A unified understanding of interfacial water dynamics and its role in material flexibility is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the dynamics of interfacial water and substrates below 0 °C across diverse materials.
  • To elucidate the relationship between water dynamics and material-specific flexibility.

Main Methods:

  • Neutron spectroscopy combined with isotope labeling.
  • Independent exploration of water and substrate dynamics below 0 °C.
  • Analysis of neutron experiment and simulation results.

Main Results:

  • Material-specific activation temperatures for functional dynamics were observed.
  • Interfacial water exhibited a universal dynamical onset temperature across different materials.
  • This universal onset is attributed to surface-independent hydrogen bond switching in water.

Conclusions:

  • The intrinsic relaxation of interfacial water, governed by hydrogen bond dynamics, dictates its universal subzero behavior.
  • A common energy barrier of approximately 35 kJ mol⁻¹ governs water's hydrogen bond switching.
  • This finding provides a unified picture of interfacial water dynamics and its role in material flexibility.