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Cabozantinib-Induced Severe Cardiac Dysfunction: A Case Report and a Systematic Review of the Literature

Chandan Buttar1, Sofia Lakhdar2, Mahmoud Nassar1

  • 1Internal Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York City Health and Hospitals/Queens, Jamaica, USA.

Cureus
|May 5, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Cabozantinib, a cancer drug, may cause heart failure and hypothyroidism. This rare case highlights potential cardiotoxicity from this targeted therapy in renal cell carcinoma patients.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Cardiology
  • Pharmacology

Background:

  • Cabozantinib is a multitargeted receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor used for advanced renal cell carcinoma.
  • Cardiotoxicity is an emerging concern with targeted cancer therapies.
  • Understanding adverse events is crucial for patient safety and treatment management.

Observation:

  • A 74-year-old male with metastatic renal cell carcinoma developed acute heart failure.
  • The patient also exhibited subclinical hypothyroidism.
  • These symptoms emerged within nine months of initiating cabozantinib treatment.

Findings:

  • This case report suggests a potential causal link between cabozantinib and non-ischemic cardiomyopathy.
  • The observed cardiotoxicity and hypothyroidism represent rare adverse effects.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the mechanisms of cabozantinib-induced cardiotoxicity.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should monitor renal cell carcinoma patients on cabozantinib for cardiac and thyroid function.
  • Early detection and management of cardiotoxicity can improve patient outcomes.
  • This case underscores the importance of pharmacovigilance for novel cancer therapeutics.
Keywords:
cabozantinibcardiomyopathychemotherapy associated cardio toxicityheart failurerenal cell carcinoma

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