Four cases of audio-vestibular disorders related to immunisation with SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccines

Pierre Ekobena1, Laura E Rothuizen1, Francesca Bedussi2

  • 1Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Service of Clinical Pharmacology, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV) and University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.

Abstract

Insights

Four patients experienced temporary audio-vestibular issues, including hearing loss, after receiving severe acute respiratory coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccines. These rare events were transient and should not impede vaccination efforts.

Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Immunology
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Severe acute respiratory coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) mRNA vaccines (BNT162b2 and mRNA-1273) have been widely adopted.
  • Understanding potential adverse events, particularly otolaryngologic manifestations, is crucial for vaccine safety monitoring.

Observation:

  • This study describes four cases of transient audio-vestibular symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination.
  • Symptoms included unilateral hearing loss, which partially or fully resolved.
  • Two cases also presented with persistent gait instability lasting up to seven months.

Findings:

  • The exact mechanisms triggering these audio-vestibular symptoms remain unclear.
  • Potential involvement of immune tolerance mechanisms and off-target T-lymphocyte activation is hypothesized.
  • These rare adverse events appear to be temporary.

Implications:

  • Otolaryngology (ENT) monitoring is recommended for patients experiencing audio-vestibular symptoms post-vaccination.
  • The transient nature of these symptoms should not discourage widespread SARS-CoV-2 vaccination.
  • Further research is needed to elucidate the precise causal links and underlying pathophysiology.