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Summary
A preterm infant experienced severe symptoms due to zinc deficiency, which resolved with zinc supplementation. This case highlights the importance of adequate zinc intake for preterm infants to prevent deficiency.
Area of Science:
- Neonatal Medicine
- Nutritional Science
- Pediatric Gastroenterology
Background:
- Preterm infants are at increased risk for nutritional deficiencies due to immature physiological systems.
- Zinc deficiency can manifest with diverse and severe symptoms, impacting multiple organ systems.
- Caesarean section and maternal factors can influence neonatal nutritional status.
Observation:
- A 5-week-old preterm male infant (33 weeks gestational age) presented with symptomatic zinc deficiency.
- Clinical manifestations included diarrhea, dermatological issues, and convulsions.
- Symptoms were successfully treated with intravenous (IV) zinc followed by oral zinc therapy.
Findings:
- Intravenous and oral zinc supplementation led to complete remission of symptoms.
- The case underscores the critical role of zinc in infant development and health.
- Pathophysiological mechanisms contributing to zinc deficiency (e.g., intake, absorption, loss) were discussed.
Implications:
- Early recognition and management of zinc deficiency are crucial in preterm neonates.
- Recommended zinc intake levels for total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and oral feeding are provided.
- This case emphasizes the need for monitoring and ensuring adequate zinc levels in vulnerable infant populations.