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Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Tyramide Signal Amplification for the Immunofluorescent Staining of ZBP1-Dependent Phosphorylation of RIPK3 and MLKL After HSV-1 Infection in Human Cells
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Z-DNA binding protein 1 promotes heatstroke-induced cell death.

Fangfang Yuan1,2, Jizhen Cai1,2, Jianfeng Wu3,4

  • 1Department of Critical Care Medicine and Hematology, The 3rd Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, P.R. China.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 5, 2022
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Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1) mediates fatal heatstroke by initiating RIPK3-dependent cell death. Blocking ZBP1 or related cell death pathways protects against heat stress, revealing a novel role for ZBP1 in thermoregulation.

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Area of Science:

  • Immunology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Environmental Health

Background:

  • Heatstroke is a critical condition linked to heat stress, circulatory failure, and organ dysfunction.
  • The pathogenic mechanisms of heatstroke remain poorly understood, posing a growing global health concern due to climate change.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the molecular mechanisms underlying heatstroke pathogenesis.
  • To investigate the role of Z-DNA binding protein 1 (ZBP1) in mediating heatstroke.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized knockout mouse models lacking ZBP1, RIPK3, MLKL, and caspase-8.
  • Analyzed gene expression changes and cell death pathways under heat stress conditions.

Main Results:

  • Heat stress upregulates ZBP1 expression via heat shock transcription factor 1 (HSF1).
  • ZBP1 activates RIPK3-dependent cell death, independent of nucleic acid sensing.
  • Deletion of ZBP1, RIPK3, or MLKL/caspase-8 significantly reduced heatstroke-induced mortality, organ injury, and circulatory failure.

Conclusions:

  • ZBP1 plays a critical role in mediating heatstroke pathogenesis through RIPK3-dependent cell death.
  • ZBP1 has a previously unrecognized function in orchestrating host responses to heat stress.
  • Targeting ZBP1 and associated cell death pathways offers potential therapeutic strategies for heatstroke.