Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology01:59

Plant Breeding and Biotechnology

19.8K
Crop cultivation has a long history in human civilization, with records showing the cultivation of cereal plants beginning at around 8000 BC. This early plant breeding was developed primarily to provide a steady supply of food.
19.8K
The Evidence for Evolution02:55

The Evidence for Evolution

44.6K
Genetic variations accumulating within populations over generations give rise to biological evolution. Evolutionary changes can result in the formation of novel varieties and entire new species. These changes are responsible for the diverse forms of life inhabiting the planet. The evidence for evolution suggests that all living organisms descended from common ancestors.
44.6K
Eukaryotic Evolution01:24

Eukaryotic Evolution

37.2K
The endosymbiont theory is the most widely accepted theory of eukaryotic evolution; however, its progression is still somewhat debated. According to the nucleus-first hypothesis, the ancestral prokaryote first evolved a membrane to enclose DNA and form the nucleus. Conversely, the mitochondria-first hypothesis suggests that the nucleus was formed after endosymbiosis of mitochondria.
Contrary to the endosymbiont theory, the eukaryote-first hypothesis proposes that the simpler prokaryotic and...
37.2K
Exon Recombination02:32

Exon Recombination

3.7K
The evolution of new genes is critical for speciation. Exon recombination, also known as exon shuffling or domain shuffling, is an important means of new gene formation. It is observed across vertebrates, invertebrates, and in some plants such as potatoes and sunflowers. During exon recombination, exons from the same or different genes recombine and produce new exon-intron combinations, which might evolve into new genes. 
Exon shuffling follows “splice frame rules.” Each exon...
3.7K
What is Evolutionary History?02:35

What is Evolutionary History?

40.5K
Scientists record evolutionary history by analyzing fossil, morphological, and genetic data. The fossil record documents the history of life on Earth and provides evidence for evolution. However, both fossil and living organisms offer evidence that outlines Earth’s evolutionary history.
40.5K
Seed Structure and Early Development of the Sporophyte02:33

Seed Structure and Early Development of the Sporophyte

29.3K
Seed structures are composed of a protective seed coat surrounding a plant embryo, and a food store for the developing embryo. The embryo contains the precursor tissues for leaves, stem, and roots. The endosperm and cotyledons—seed leaves—act as the food reserves for the growing embryo.
29.3K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

SlingVR: A Virtual Reality Surgical Training System for Haptic-based "Blind" Surgical Procedures.

Journal of minimally invasive gynecology·2026
Same author

What Makes an Expert Surgeon? Novel Metrics for Evaluating Skills in Simulation.

Urogynecology (Philadelphia, Pa.)·2026
Same author

Measuring the Master Adaptive Learner: Development and validity evidence for a revised instrument.

Medical teacher·2025
Same author

Variability in Learner Performance Using the ACGME Harmonized Milestones During the First Year of Postgraduate Training.

Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges·2025
Same author

36-year study reveals stability of a wild wheat population across microhabitats.

Molecular ecology·2024
Same author

Uncovering the dynamics of precise repair at CRISPR/Cas9-induced double-strand breaks.

Nature communications·2024
Same journal

The STA1-DOT2 interaction promotes nuclear speckle formation and splicing robustness in growth and heat stress responses.

The Plant cell·2026
Same journal

GIGANTEA shapes diurnal seedling growth by sequestering SMAX1 and SMXL2.

The Plant cell·2026
Same journal

Vascular-specific genome editing enhances low-phosphate tolerance in rice.

The Plant cell·2026
Same journal

The gatekeeper: How PSY1 controls root growth.

The Plant cell·2026
Same journal

OsOSCA2.4 regulates post-Golgi trafficking of storage proteins by modulating Ca2+ homeostasis in rice endosperm.

The Plant cell·2026
Same journal

Age-dependent epigenetic control of flavonoid metabolism underlies chemical defenses in ancient Ginkgo biloba.

The Plant cell·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing
12:33

Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing

Published on: July 28, 2017

13.0K

Evolution and origin of bread wheat.

Avraham A Levy1, Moshe Feldman1

  • 1Department of Plant and Environmental Sciences, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, 76100 Israel.

The Plant Cell
|May 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) rapidly spread globally due to its allopolyploidy, enabling new traits and high-quality grain. Understanding its progenitors is crucial for conserving wheat biodiversity and ensuring food security.

More Related Videos

Development of Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes TILLING Populations in Small Grain Crops by Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutagenesis
08:36

Development of Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes TILLING Populations in Small Grain Crops by Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutagenesis

Published on: July 16, 2019

11.8K
Determination of the Mating Efficiency of Haploids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
05:39

Determination of the Mating Efficiency of Haploids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: December 2, 2022

2.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing
12:33

Optimization and Comparative Analysis of Plant Organellar DNA Enrichment Methods Suitable for Next-generation Sequencing

Published on: July 28, 2017

13.0K
Development of Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes TILLING Populations in Small Grain Crops by Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutagenesis
08:36

Development of Targeting Induced Local Lesions IN Genomes TILLING Populations in Small Grain Crops by Ethyl Methanesulfonate Mutagenesis

Published on: July 16, 2019

11.8K
Determination of the Mating Efficiency of Haploids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae
05:39

Determination of the Mating Efficiency of Haploids in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

Published on: December 2, 2022

2.6K

Area of Science:

  • Plant genetics
  • Evolutionary biology
  • Agricultural science

Background:

  • Bread wheat (Triticum aestivum) is a young hexaploid species, approximately 8,500-9,000 years old.
  • It originated from hybridization between a tetraploid progenitor (BBAA) and Aegilops tauschii (D subgenome donor).
  • Rapid global expansion followed its formation, establishing it as a human staple food.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To discuss the origin of bread wheat's diploid and tetraploid progenitors.
  • To explore conflicting evidence regarding its formation location and tetraploid progenitor.
  • To highlight the role of allopolyploidy in wheat's adaptation and expansion.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of new genome sequences to identify the B subgenome donor.
  • Review of genetic and archaeological evidence concerning wheat's origin.
  • Discussion of evolutionary adaptations to environmental changes.

Main Results:

  • New genome data suggest the B subgenome donor is a distinct, possibly extinct, species.
  • Evidence on the exact origin and tetraploid progenitor remains debated.
  • Allopolyploidy likely facilitated rapid adaptation, trait acquisition, and mutation buffering.

Conclusions:

  • Conserving the diverse gene pool of wheat is essential for future food security.
  • Further research is needed to resolve progenitor origins and understand adaptation mechanisms.
  • Wheat's evolutionary history provides insights into adapting to current climate change.