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Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Eye Tracking, Cortisol, and a Sleep vs. Wake Consolidation Delay: Combining Methods to Uncover an Interactive Effect of Sleep and Cortisol on Memory
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Cortisol reactivity impairs suppression-induced forgetting.

Conny W E M Quaedflieg1, Hanna Stoffregen1, Stephanie M Ashton1

  • 1Department of Neuropsychology and Psychopharmacology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.

Psychoneuroendocrinology
|May 5, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Acute stress hinders memory control, specifically suppression-induced forgetting. This impairment is linked to cortisol response, affecting memory regulation in individuals with higher cortisol reactivity.

Keywords:
Cortisol reactivityCortisol responderMaastricht acute stress test (MAST)Suppression-induced forgettingThink / No-Think paradigm

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Psychology

Background:

  • Intentional memory control, like suppression-induced forgetting, can be impaired by acute stress.
  • The role of the stress hormone cortisol in this impairment remains unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate if acute stress impairs suppression-induced forgetting specifically in individuals with a significant cortisol response.
  • To examine the relationship between cortisol reactivity and the ability to forget memories under stress.

Main Methods:

  • Participants underwent the Maastricht Acute Stress Test (MAST) or a control condition.
  • Following stress induction, participants performed a Think/No-Think task involving memory retrieval or suppression.
  • Memory performance was assessed using cue-target video clips.

Main Results:

  • Suppression-induced forgetting was observed in control participants and cortisol non-responders.
  • Cortisol responders showed an absence of suppression-induced forgetting.
  • Increased cortisol levels negatively correlated with the magnitude of suppression-induced forgetting.

Conclusions:

  • Stress-induced impairment of suppression-induced forgetting is specifically linked to cortisol reactivity.
  • Individual differences in cortisol response play a crucial role in stress-related alterations of memory control.