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Related Concept Videos

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi I: Introduction

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Renal calculi, or kidney stones, are solid deposits of minerals and salts formed inside the kidneys. In medical terminology, "calculus" refers to the stone itself, while "lithiasis" describes the process of stone formation. Depending on their location within the urinary system, these stones may be classified as either urolithiasis, when situated within the urinary tract, or nephrolithiasis, when located within the kidneys. Each term signifies the specific impact of the stone.Predisposition...
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Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations01:26

Urinary Tract Calculi II: Pathophysiology and Clinical Manifestations

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Renal calculi, commonly termed kidney stones, are crystalline solid masses that form in the kidneys but can occur at any point within the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and urethra.The pathophysiology of renal stones involves several key factors: supersaturation of the urine with stone-forming constituents, changes in urine pH, a decrease in urine volume, and the presence of substances that promote or inhibit stone formation.Supersaturation of Urine: This is the...
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Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations01:24

Chronic Kidney Disease II: Clinical Manifestations

116
Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) progressively impairs multiple body systems due to the accumulation of uremic toxins, which disrupt cellular functions across various organs.Neurologic symptomsNeurologic symptoms often arise early in CKD, as uremic toxin buildup drives changes in cognitive and motor functions. Patients frequently experience fatigue, headache, confusion, difficulty concentrating, and, in severe cases, seizures. Peripheral neuropathy commonly manifests as burning sensations in the...
116
Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention01:27

Urinary Tract Calculi IV: Nutrition Therapy and Prevention

44
Management of renal calculi focuses on effective strategies like tailored nutrition and hydration therapy. Adjusting diet and fluid intake reduces stone formation and recurrence, making these interventions simple yet powerful in kidney stone prevention and management.Understanding Kidney StonesKidney stones form when calcium, oxalate, uric acid, and cystine concentrate and crystallize in urine. Factors contributing to their formation include genetic predisposition, certain medical conditions,...
44
Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management01:30

Urinary Tract Calculi III: Medical Management

40
The diagnosis of renal calculi involves several imaging techniques, including non-contrast CT scans and ultrasound. These methods help visualize kidney stones, assess their size and location, and detect possible obstructions. Additionally, Measuring urine pH is useful for diagnosing specific stone types, such as struvite (alkaline pH) and uric acid stones (acidic pH). Cystine stones are primarily linked to cystinuria, a genetic condition. A urinalysis helps detect blood in the urine (hematuria)...
40
Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management01:28

Urinary Tract Calculi V: Nursing Management

50
AssessmentSubjective Data: Obtain a detailed health history, including any recent or chronic urinary tract infections, periods of immobilization, previous episodes of renal calculi, and medical conditions such as gout, benign prostatic hyperplasia, or hyperparathyroidism. Review the medication history for drugs that may influence stone formation, including allopurinol, analgesics, loop diuretics, or thiazide diuretics. Document the use of long-term indwelling catheters and any past surgical...
50

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Updated: Sep 24, 2025

A Semi-Automated and Reproducible Biological-Based Method to Quantify Calcium Deposition In Vitro
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[Uremic calciphylaxis].

Arnaud Lionet1, Pablo Antonio Urena Torres2

  • 1Service de néphrologie et transplantation rénale, hôpital Huriez, CHRU de Lille, 1, rue Polonovski, 59037 Lille cedex, France.

Nephrologie & Therapeutique
|May 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Uremic calciphylaxis, a rare disease in end-stage renal disease patients, causes painful skin necrosis and high mortality. This review covers its presentation, pathogenesis, and treatment options to improve patient outcomes.

Keywords:
CalciphylaxieCalciphylaxisDialyseDialysisEnd-stage renal diseaseInsuffisance rénale chroniqueMortalityMortalitéTraitementTreatmentUremicUrémie

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Area of Science:

  • Nephrology
  • Dermatology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Uremic calciphylaxis is a rare, severe condition affecting patients with chronic end-stage renal disease (ESRD).
  • It involves microvascular calcification and thrombosis in the dermis and hypodermis, leading to skin necrosis.
  • Lesions are painful, prone to infection, and associated with malnutrition, significantly increasing mortality risk (40-80% within one year).

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide a comprehensive overview of uremic calciphylaxis.
  • To describe the clinical and paraclinical presentations of the disease.
  • To summarize current knowledge on pathogenesis and therapeutic strategies for improved patient management and reduced mortality.

Main Methods:

  • This is a general review article.
  • It synthesizes existing literature on uremic calciphylaxis.
  • Information is gathered on clinical presentation, pathogenesis, and treatment.

Main Results:

  • Uremic calciphylaxis presents with distal and axial skin lesions.
  • The condition is characterized by microvascular calcification and thrombosis.
  • High mortality rates are linked to complications like pain, infection, and malnutrition.

Conclusions:

  • Early recognition and comprehensive management are crucial for uremic calciphylaxis.
  • Understanding pathogenesis is key to developing effective treatments.
  • Further research into therapeutic options may reduce the high mortality associated with this disease.