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Multidisciplinary Approach to Obesity Management: A Case Report
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'Obesities': Position statement on a complex disease entity with multifaceted drivers.

Patricia Yárnoz-Esquiroz1,2,3, Laura Olazarán1,2,3, Maite Aguas-Ayesa1,2

  • 1Department of Endocrinology & Nutrition, Clínica Universidad de Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.

European Journal of Clinical Investigation
|May 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Current obesity classification lacks nuance, hindering research translation. New approaches are needed to define diverse obesity phenotypes for better understanding and treatment.

Keywords:
Obesity phenotypesSarcopenic obesitydysfunctional adipose tissuemetabolically healthy obesitynon-communicable diseases (NCDs)precision medicine

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Area of Science:

  • Academic medicine
  • Obesity research
  • Translational science

Background:

  • Integration of research and clinical care in obesity is challenged.
  • Body mass index (BMI) classification fails to capture obesity subtypes.
  • Lack of a universal definition for "obesities" obscures phenotype burden.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To highlight the limitations of current obesity classification.
  • To advocate for research into distinct obesity phenotypes.
  • To emphasize the need for a new diagnostic framework for "obesities".

Main Methods:

  • Review of current obesity classification systems.
  • Analysis of factors contributing to obesity heterogeneity.
  • Exploration of genotype, adipotype, enterotype, and microbiota interactions.

Main Results:

  • BMI is an insufficient metric for classifying obesity.
  • Multiple factors (genetics, diet, microbiome) contribute to obesity subtypes.
  • Current definitions impede understanding of obesity's true impact.

Conclusions:

  • Rethinking obesity classification is crucial for advancing research.
  • Defining "obesities" based on phenotypes is necessary.
  • Further investigation into obesity subtypes will improve clinical care.