Alleviating concentration polarization: a micro three-electrode interdigitated glucose sensor based on nanoporous...

Area of Science:

• Electrochemistry
• Materials Science
• Biomedical Engineering

Background:

• Diabetes mellitus diagnosis relies on accurate glucose monitoring.
• Non-enzymatic glucose sensors offer advantages over traditional enzyme-based methods.
• Integrating multiple electrodes into a single device can enhance sensor performance and portability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To design and fabricate a novel non-enzymatic three-electrode interdigitated glucose sensor (TEIDGS).
• To evaluate the performance of the TEIDGS for precise glucose detection.
• To explore the potential of interdigitated electrodes in non-enzymatic glucose sensing.

Main Methods:

• Fabrication of a nanoporous gold-based three-electrode interdigitated glucose sensor.
• Electrochemical characterization of the TEIDGS for glucose detection.
• Assessment of sensor sensitivity, detection limit, selectivity, and long-term stability.

Main Results:

• The TEIDGS achieved high sensitivities of 1217 μA mM⁻¹ cm⁻² (0.001–0.590 mM) and 343 μA mM⁻¹ cm⁻² (0.59–7.00 mM).
• A low detection limit of 390 nM was achieved.
• The sensor exhibited excellent selectivity for glucose and maintained high performance for three weeks.

Conclusions:

• The developed TEIDGS represents a significant advancement in non-enzymatic glucose sensing technology.
• The combination of interdigitated electrodes and a three-electrode design offers superior performance.
• This work provides a promising structural and material basis for future non-enzymatic glucose sensors.