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Related Concept Videos

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy01:30

Cardiomyopathy II: Dilated Cardiomyopathy

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Dilated cardiomyopathy, or DCM, is a progressive myocardial disorder characterized by ventricular chamber dilation and contractile dysfunction.EtiologyVarious factors can cause DCM, including hypertension and heavy alcohol intake, which contribute to the weakening and enlargement of the heart muscle. Viral infections, such as Coxsackievirus B, adenoviruses, and influenza, can lead to DCM by causing inflammation and damage to heart tissue. Certain chemotherapeutic agents, including daunorubicin,...
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Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies01:22

Heart Failure VI: Adjunct Therapies

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Additional therapies for treating patients with heart failure (HF) may include procedural interventions, supplemental oxygen, the management of sleep disorders, and nutritional therapy.Procedural InterventionsImplantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator: For patients at risk of life-threatening arrhythmias due to severe left ventricular dysfunction, an Implantable Cardioverter-Defibrillator (ICD) can detect and terminate these arrhythmias, preventing sudden cardiac death and improving survival rates.
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Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care01:29

Cardiomyopathy V: Interprofessional Care

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Managing cardiomyopathy involves addressing underlying or precipitating causes, treating heart failure with medications, and implementing dietary changes and a balanced exercise and rest regimen.Lifestyle ModificationsCardiomyopathy patients should adopt a low-sodium diet to reduce fluid retention and manage heart failure. A personalized exercise and rest plan helps maintain physical fitness without overstraining the heart. Avoiding alcohol and tobacco is essential to prevent further damage to...
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Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction01:20

Mitral Regurgitation I: Introduction

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Mitral regurgitation is characterized by the backward circulation of blood from the left ventricle to the left atrium during systole, a phase of the cardiac cycle when the heart contracts and pumps blood out of the chambers. This abnormal flow occurs primarily due to the dysfunction of the mitral valve or its supporting structures, which include the mitral leaflets, chordae tendineae, annulus, and papillary muscles.Etiology and Mechanisms:Primary Mitral Regurgitation: This type arises from...
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Ventilatory Modes01:14

Ventilatory Modes

511
Mechanical ventilators are life-saving devices that support or replace spontaneous breathing. They deliver breaths to patients through varying methods known as ventilator modes. Understanding these modes is critical for healthcare providers managing patients with respiratory failure.
There are three ventilatory modes: full support, partial support, and spontaneous. These are described below.
Full Support Modes
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Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction

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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Insertion, Maintenance, and Removal of the Percutaneous Dual Lumen Cannula Right Ventricular Assist Device
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Mechanical Circulatory Support for Right Ventricular Failure.

Ersilia M DeFilippis1, Veli K Topkara1, Ajay J Kirtane1

  • 1Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons New York, NY, US.

Cardiac Failure Review
|May 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Right ventricular (RV) failure carries high mortality. This review covers mechanical circulatory support devices for RV failure, detailing indications, selection, strategies, and outcomes.

Keywords:
Right ventriclemechanical circulatory supportright ventricular assist deviceveno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation

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Area of Science:

  • Cardiology
  • Cardiovascular Surgery
  • Critical Care Medicine

Background:

  • Right ventricular (RV) failure is a critical condition with high morbidity and mortality rates, often occurring post-cardiac surgery or due to specific conditions like myocardial infarction or pulmonary embolism.
  • Medical management for RV failure includes fluid optimization and inotropic/vasopressor support, but some patients require advanced interventions.
  • Persistent RV failure necessitates consideration of mechanical circulatory support (MCS) to improve outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current landscape of mechanical circulatory support devices for isolated right ventricular failure.
  • To discuss the indications, patient selection criteria, and strategic implementation of various MCS devices.
  • To evaluate the outcomes associated with different MCS strategies for RV failure.

Main Methods:

  • This review synthesizes current literature on mechanical circulatory support for right ventricular failure.
  • It examines percutaneous and surgical MCS options, including micro-axial flow pumps, extracorporeal centrifugal flow RV assist devices, surgically implanted RV assist devices, and veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.
  • The review focuses on clinical applications, patient selection, procedural strategies, and patient outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Right ventricular failure is associated with in-hospital mortality rates as high as 70-75%.
  • Mechanical circulatory support is increasingly utilized for persistent RV failure, offering therapeutic options beyond medical management.
  • Various percutaneous and surgical devices are available for isolated RV support, each with specific indications and potential benefits.

Conclusions:

  • Mechanical circulatory support offers a vital therapeutic avenue for patients suffering from right ventricular failure.
  • Appropriate patient selection, strategic device deployment, and careful management are crucial for optimizing outcomes in RV failure treated with MCS.
  • Further research and technological advancements are expected to refine the use of MCS in managing RV failure.