HIV/AIDS Associated Lymphoma: Review.

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Infectious Diseases
• Hematology

Background:

• Lymphoma is a significant cause of mortality in individuals with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
• Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) is the most prevalent lymphoma type in HIV-positive populations, while Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) incidence has shifted post-antiretroviral therapy.
• HIV-associated lymphomas are diverse, varying in morphology, pathogenesis, and cellular origin.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review and summarize the current epidemiology, pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of lymphoma in HIV-infected patients.
• To highlight the changing trends in lymphoma incidence following the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART).
• To emphasize the need for lymphoma screening in individuals living with HIV/acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Main Methods:

• A narrative review of existing literature was performed.
• The review focused on studies concerning lymphoma in HIV-infected individuals.
• Key areas examined included epidemiology, pathogenesis, laboratory diagnosis, and treatment.

Main Results:

• The incidence of NHL has decreased with HAART but remains elevated in HIV-positive individuals compared to the general population.
• Conversely, the incidence of HL has increased following the introduction of HAART.
• HIV-associated lymphomas exhibit heterogeneity in their characteristics.

Conclusions:

• Despite advancements in HAART, HIV-infected individuals face a higher risk of developing lymphoma.
• Regular screening for lymphoma in people living with HIV/AIDS is crucial for early detection and improved outcomes.
• Further research is necessary to fully understand the pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of HIV/AIDS-associated lymphomas.