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Thyroid hormones and brain development.

J H Dussault, J Ruel

    Annual Review of Physiology
    |January 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
    This summary is machine-generated.

    Thyroid hormones are crucial for central nervous system development during a critical period. Understanding their mechanism of action, particularly the T3 receptor, is key to further research on brain maturation.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Endocrinology
    • Developmental Biology

    Background:

    • Thyroid hormones play a vital role in central nervous system (CNS) maturation.
    • Absence of thyroid hormones during development has deleterious effects on the CNS.
    • A critical developmental window exists where thyroid hormones are essential for normal CNS maturation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To review the essential role of thyroid hormones in CNS development.
    • To explore the progress in understanding the molecular mechanisms of thyroid hormone action.
    • To highlight the importance of the nuclear T3 receptor in brain development.

    Main Methods:

    • Literature review focusing on the effects of thyroid hormone deficiency on CNS development.
    • Analysis of studies on the ontogenesis and distribution of the nuclear T3 receptor.

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  • Synthesis of anatomical, biochemical, and neurophysiological evidence.
  • Main Results:

    • Thyroid hormones are indispensable for normal CNS maturation during a specific critical period.
    • Studies on the nuclear T3 receptor have advanced understanding of thyroid hormone action.
    • The distribution and ontogenesis of the T3 receptor provide insights into molecular events controlling brain growth.

    Conclusions:

    • Thyroid hormones are critical for brain development, with absence causing significant deficits.
    • Further research into the T3 receptor and its role is needed to fully elucidate thyroid hormone-brain development relationships.