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Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Author Spotlight: Functionalizing Metal-Organic Frameworks: Advancements, Challenges, and the Power of Post-Synthetic Ligand Exchange
Published on: June 23, 2023
Direct synthesis of covalent triazine-based frameworks (CTFs) through aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions
Tao Chen1,2, Wen-Qian Li1,2, Wei-Bo Hu1
1Shanghai Advanced Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Sciences Shanghai 201210 P. R. China huwb@sari.ac.cn yangh@sari.ac.cn wenk@sari.ac.cn.
Abstract:
Despite extensive efforts, only three main strategies have been developed to synthesize covalent triazine-based frameworks (CTFs) thus far. We report herein a totally new synthetic strategy which allows C-C bonds in the CTFs to be formed through aromatic nucleophilic substitution reactions. The as-synthesized CTF-1 and CTF-2 exhibited photocatalytic water splitting activity comparable to the CTFs made using ionothermal or Brønsted acid-catalyzed polymerization. Interestingly, CTF-2 distinguished itself by its two-photon fluorescence (emission at ∼530 nm under irradiation at either 400 nm or 800 nm).
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