Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Ribozymes02:47

Ribozymes

12.6K
The term ribozyme is used for RNA that can act as an enzyme. Ribozymes are mainly found in selected viruses, bacteria, plant organelles, and lower eukaryotes. Ribozymes were first discovered in 1982 when Tom Cech’s laboratory observed Group I introns acting as enzymes. This was shortly followed by the discovery of another ribozyme, Ribonulcease P, by Sid Altman’s laboratory. Both Cech and Altman received the Nobel Prize in chemistry in 1989 for their work on ribozymes.
Ribozymes can...
12.6K
Introduction to Enzymes01:22

Introduction to Enzymes

20.3K
The use of enzymes by humans dates to 7000 BCE. Humans first used enzymes to ferment sugars and produce alcohol without knowing that this was an enzyme-catalyzed reaction. Wilhelm Kuhne coined the term 'enzyme' in 1877 from the Greek words ‘en’ meaning ‘in’ or ‘within’ and ‘zyme’ meaning ‘yeast.’
Most enzymes are proteins that speed up biochemical reactions without being consumed. Enzymes contain one or more active sites that...
20.3K
Enzyme Kinetics01:19

Enzyme Kinetics

99.3K
Enzymes speed up reactions by lowering the activation energy of the reactants. The speed at which the enzyme turns reactants into products is called the rate of reaction. Several factors impact the rate of reaction, including the number of available reactants. Enzyme kinetics is the study of how an enzyme changes the rate of a reaction.
Scientists typically study enzyme kinetics with a fixed amount of enzyme in the controlled environment of a test tube. When more reactant, or substrate, is...
99.3K
Cofactors and Coenzymes01:24

Cofactors and Coenzymes

11.3K
Enzymes are proteins made of amino acids. The functional group of each constituent amino acid catalyzes a wide variety of chemical reactions via ionic interactions or acid-base reactions. However, amino acids cannot catalyze oxidation-reduction and group transfer reactions and need to be aided by non-protein components called cofactors. Cofactors are also referred to as the chemical teeth of an enzyme.
Cofactors can be metallic ions or organic molecules called coenzymes. These types of helper...
11.3K
Enzyme Inhibition01:30

Enzyme Inhibition

80.0K
Inhibitors are molecules that reduce enzyme activity by binding to the enzyme. In a normally functioning cell, enzymes are regulated by a variety of inhibitors. Drugs and other toxins can also inhibit enzymes. Some inhibitors bind to the enzyme’s active site, while others inhibit enzymatic activity by binding to other sites on the protein structure.
80.0K
Enzyme-linked Receptors01:00

Enzyme-linked Receptors

80.2K
Enzyme-linked receptors are proteins that act as both receptor and enzyme, activating multiple intracellular signals. This is a large group of receptors that include the receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) family. Many growth factors and hormones bind to and activate the RTKs.
Neurotrophin (NT) receptors are a family of RTKs, including trkA, trkB, and trkC (tropomyosin-related kinase) receptors. TrkA is specific for nerve growth factor (NGF), neurotrophin-6, and neurotrophin-7. TrkB binds...
80.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

TDMQ20 as A Drug Candidate for Wilson's Disease: Comparison with D-Penicillamine, Trientine, and Tetrathiomolybdate In Vitro and In Mice.

Pharmaceutics·2025
Same author

Correction: Embo-Ibouanga et al. Peptide-Alkoxyamine Drugs: An Innovative Approach to Fight Schistosomiasis: "Digging Their Graves with Their Forks". <i>Pathogens</i> 2024, <i>13</i>, 482.

Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland)·2025
Same author

Hybrid Molecules as Efficient Drugs against Multidrug-Resistant Malaria Parasites.

ChemMedChem·2025
Same author

Emoquine-1: A Hybrid Molecule Efficient against Multidrug-Resistant <i>Plasmodium</i> Parasites, Including the Artemisinin-Resistant Quiescent Stage, and Also Active In Vivo.

Journal of medicinal chemistry·2025
Same author

Reductive Activation of Artefenomel (OZ439) by Fe(II)-Heme, Related to Its Antimalarial Activity.

ACS infectious diseases·2024
Same author

Dynamic covalent bonding (DCB): the bond lability of alkoxyamines as drugs against <i>Schistosoma mansoni</i> and <i>Plasmodium falciparum</i>.

Organic & biomolecular chemistry·2024

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in DNA Nanosensors &#8211; Addressing Sensitivity and Selectivity Challenges in Molecular Detection
07:16

Author Spotlight: Advancements in DNA Nanosensors – Addressing Sensitivity and Selectivity Challenges in Molecular Detection

Published on: February 9, 2024

1.1K

How to Define a Nanozyme.

Anne Robert1, Bernard Meunier1,2

  • 1Laboratoire de Chimie de Coordination du CNRS, Inserm ERL 1289, 205 route de Narbonne, Toulouse 31077 Cedex, France.

ACS Nano
|May 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Nanozymes, or nanoparticles with intrinsic peroxidase-like activity, require specific criteria for classification. Not all nanoparticles generating hydroxyl radicals are true nanozymes.

Keywords:
catalytic activitynanoparticlesnanozymesturnover number

More Related Videos

Nanosensors to Detect Protease Activity In Vivo for Noninvasive Diagnostics
10:50

Nanosensors to Detect Protease Activity In Vivo for Noninvasive Diagnostics

Published on: July 16, 2018

16.5K
Determination of Zeta Potential via Nanoparticle Translocation Velocities through a Tunable Nanopore: Using DNA-modified Particles as an Example
08:42

Determination of Zeta Potential via Nanoparticle Translocation Velocities through a Tunable Nanopore: Using DNA-modified Particles as an Example

Published on: October 26, 2016

12.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Author Spotlight: Advancements in DNA Nanosensors &#8211; Addressing Sensitivity and Selectivity Challenges in Molecular Detection
07:16

Author Spotlight: Advancements in DNA Nanosensors – Addressing Sensitivity and Selectivity Challenges in Molecular Detection

Published on: February 9, 2024

1.1K
Nanosensors to Detect Protease Activity In Vivo for Noninvasive Diagnostics
10:50

Nanosensors to Detect Protease Activity In Vivo for Noninvasive Diagnostics

Published on: July 16, 2018

16.5K
Determination of Zeta Potential via Nanoparticle Translocation Velocities through a Tunable Nanopore: Using DNA-modified Particles as an Example
08:42

Determination of Zeta Potential via Nanoparticle Translocation Velocities through a Tunable Nanopore: Using DNA-modified Particles as an Example

Published on: October 26, 2016

12.4K

Area of Science:

  • Nanotechnology
  • Catalysis
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Nanozymes are often defined as ferromagnetic nanoparticles with intrinsic peroxidase-like activity.
  • The classification and catalytic capabilities of these nanozymes have faced scrutiny.
  • Existing literature frequently labels nanoparticles with peroxidase-like activity as nanozymes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish essential criteria for classifying nanoparticles as nanozymes.
  • To differentiate true nanozymes from other catalytically active nanoparticles.
  • To address the ambiguity in the definition of nanozymes.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review and critical analysis of existing definitions.
  • Examination of catalytic mechanisms of nanoparticles in the presence of hydrogen peroxide.
  • Development of a framework for nanozyme classification.

Main Results:

  • Identified key criteria necessary for a nanoparticle to be classified as a nanozyme.
  • Highlighted that intrinsic peroxidase-like activity is a crucial, but not the sole, defining characteristic.
  • Demonstrated that not all nanoparticles producing hydroxyl radicals are nanozymes.

Conclusions:

  • A rigorous definition and classification criteria are essential for nanozymes.
  • Nanoparticles must exhibit specific catalytic activity, not just radical generation, to be termed nanozymes.
  • Clarifying the definition of nanozymes is crucial for advancing their application in various fields.