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Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Cardiac Magnetic Resonance for the Evaluation of Suspected Cardiac Thrombus: Conventional and Emerging Techniques
Published on: June 11, 2019
Imaging of bone marrow pitfalls with emphasis on MRI
Asif Saifuddin1, Philippa Tyler1, Ramanan Rajakulasingam1
1Department of Radiology, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, United Kingdom.
Abstract:
Normal marrow contains both hematopoietic/red and fatty/yellow marrow with a predictable pattern of conversion and skeletal distribution on MRI. Many variations in normal bone marrow signal and appearances are apparent and the reporting radiologist must differentiate these from other non-neoplastic, benign or neoplastic processes. The advent of chemical shift imaging has helped in characterising and differentiating more focal heterogeneous areas of red marrow from marrow infiltration. This review aims to cover the MRI appearances of normal marrow, its evolution with age, marrow reconversion, variations of normal marrow signal, causes of oedema-like marrow signal, and some common non-neoplastic entities, which may mimic marrow neoplasms.
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