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Related Concept Videos

Cranial Bones: Lateral View01:27

Cranial Bones: Lateral View

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The lateral view of the cranium is dominated by temporal, sphenoid, and ethmoid bones.
The temporal bone forms the lower lateral side of the skull. The temporal bone is subdivided into several regions. The flattened upper portion is the squamous portion of the temporal bone. Below this area and projecting anteriorly is the zygomatic process of the temporal bone, which forms the posterior portion of the zygomatic arch. Posteriorly is the mastoid portion of the temporal bone. Projecting...
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Cranial Bones: Superior and Posterior View01:14

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The superior view of the cranium shows the frontal and paired parietal bones.
The frontal bone is the single bone that forms the forehead. At its anterior midline, between the eyebrows, there is a slight depression called the glabella. The frontal bone also forms the supraorbital margin of the orbit. Near the middle of this margin is the supraorbital foramen, the opening that provides passage for a sensory nerve to the forehead. The frontal bone is thickened just above each supraorbital margin,...
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The cranium (skull) is the skeletal structure of the head that supports the face and protects the brain. It is subdivided into the facial bones and the brain case, or cranial vault. The facial bones underlie the facial structures, form the nasal cavity, enclose the eyeballs, and support the teeth of the upper and lower jaws.
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Sutures of the Skull01:22

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The human skull is composed of several bones that come together to protect the brain and support the structures of the face. The junctions where these bones meet are called sutures.
Sutures are immobile joints between adjacent bones of the skull. The narrow gap between the bones is filled with dense, fibrous connective tissue that unites the bones. The long sutures located between the skull bones are not straight but instead follow irregular, tightly twisting paths. These twisting lines tightly...
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Dissection, MicroCT Scanning and Morphometric Analyses of the Baculum
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Cranial morphology in metopism: A comparative geometric morphometric study.

Silviya Nikolova1, Diana Toneva1, Elena Tasheva-Terzieva2

  • 1Department of Anthropology and Anatomy, Institute of Experimental Morphology, Pathology and Anthropology with Museum, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria.

Annals of Anatomy = Anatomischer Anzeiger : Official Organ of the Anatomische Gesellschaft
|May 6, 2022
PubMed
Summary

Persistent metopic suture in adults alters cranial shape, causing anterior neurocranial enlargement and a more rounded head. This suggests metopism is a complex trait with broader phenotypic characteristics.

Keywords:
Geometric morphometricsPersistent metopic sutureThree-dimensional polygonal models

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Area of Science:

  • Anthropology
  • Anatomy
  • Biomedical Engineering

Background:

  • Cranial sutures are crucial for skull development and morphology.
  • Alterations in suture patency and closure impact overall cranial shape.
  • Metopism, the persistence of the metopic suture, is a common cranial variation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate cranial shape and size modifications associated with persistent metopic suture in adulthood.
  • To compare cranial morphology between individuals with and without metopism using geometric morphometrics.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 63 metopic and 184 non-metopic adult male dry crania.
  • 3D polygonal models generated using laser scanning.
  • Digitization of 50 landmarks and geometric morphometric analysis of size and shape.

Main Results:

  • Significant size differences observed in neurocranial parts, with anterior enlargement.
  • Neurocranial shape alterations included mediolateral widening and anteroposterior shortening.
  • Metopic crania exhibited a more rounded overall shape compared to non-metopic crania.

Conclusions:

  • Metopic suture persistence is associated with subtle but significant cranial morphological changes.
  • These findings indicate metopism is a complex trait influencing multiple cranial characteristics.
  • Metopism is not merely a frontal bone variation but a condition linked to specific phenotypic traits.