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Optical nonlinearity goes ultrafast in 2D semiconductor-based nanocavities.

Armando Genco¹, Giulio Cerullo²

¹Dipartimento di Fisica, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy.

Light, Science & Applications

|May 6, 2022

Summary

Hybrid systems combining silver nanodisks and tungsten disulfide (WS2) exhibit significant room-temperature nonlinearity. This leads to rapid changes in nonlinear absorption within a solid-state platform.

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Area of Science:

Condensed matter physics
Materials science
Nanophotonics

Background:

Strong light-matter interactions are crucial for novel optical phenomena.
Two-dimensional materials like tungsten disulfide (WS2) offer unique electronic and optical properties.
Plasmonic nanostructures provide enhanced light confinement and field enhancement.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the nonlinear optical properties of hybrid systems.
To explore the potential of silver nanodisks coupled with WS2 for enhanced nonlinearity.
To demonstrate ultrafast modulation of nonlinear absorption in a solid-state system.

Main Methods:

Fabrication of hybrid systems comprising silver nanodisks and monolayer WS2.
Characterization of the optical properties using spectroscopy.

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Measurement of nonlinear absorption dynamics under optical excitation.

Main Results:

Observed giant room-temperature nonlinearity in the hybrid system.
Attributed the nonlinearity to the strong coupling between plasmonic nanodisks and WS2.
Demonstrated ultrafast modification of nonlinear absorption, driven by the localized nature of the hybrid system.

Conclusions:

Hybrid plasmonic-semiconductor systems offer a promising platform for achieving large optical nonlinearities.
The strong coupling and sub-wavelength localization are key to the observed ultrafast nonlinear effects.
These findings pave the way for advanced optical switching and modulation devices.