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Updated: Sep 24, 2025
Electroencephalography Network Indices as Biomarkers of Upper Limb Impairment in Chronic Stroke
Published on: July 14, 2023
Functional Independence Measure Subtypes among Inpatients with Subacute Stroke: Classification via Latent Class
Hiroaki Furuta1,2,3, Katsuhiro Mizuno4,5,6, Kei Unai4,5
1Department of Rehabilitation Therapy, Saiseikai Higashikanagawa Rehabilitation Hospital, Yokohama, Japan.
Objectives:
Using Functional Independence Measure (FIM) records, this study used latent class analysis (LCA) to clarify the structure of activities of daily living (ADL) status in patients following stroke.
Methods:
In this retrospective, single-center study, we extracted the medical records of patients with stroke who were admitted to a rehabilitation hospital in Japan between April 2018 and March 2020. LCA was used to determine classes of ADL status based on response patterns in FIM items converted from the original seven levels to three levels: Complete Dependence, FIM1-2; Modified Dependence, FIM3-5; Independence, FIM6-7. We compared the length of stay and discharge destinations among subgroups of patients with different ADL status at admission.
Results:
From 373 patients, 1592 FIM records were analyzed. These were classified into six ADL status classes based on "Complete Dependence," "Modified Dependence," and "Independence" in the motor and cognitive domains. Significant differences were observed among the six admission ADL subgroups for the length of stay (median values in patient subgroups based on admission ADL status: 126, 146, 90, 65, 44, and 29 days in the Motor Complete/Cognitive Complete, Motor Complete/Cognitive Modified, Motor Modified/Cognitive Modified, Motor Modified/Cognitive Independent, Motor Independent/Cognitive Modified, and Motor Independent/Cognitive Independent groups, respectively) and discharge destinations (patients discharged home: 27%, 62%, 81%, 92%, 95%, and 98%, respectively, and to acute care hospitals: 18%, 14%, 8%, 8%, 2%, and 2%, respectively).
Conclusions:
LCA successfully stratified ADL status in patients with stroke undergoing rehabilitation and may aid in determining an appropriate treatment regimen.
