Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes

Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes

In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

Cationic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

The cationic polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination. In the initiation step of the polymerization process, the π bond of a monomer gets protonated by the Lewis acid catalyst, which is formed from boron trifluoride and water. The protonation of the π bond generates a carbocation stabilized by the electron‐donating group. In the propagation step, the π bond of the second monomer acts as a nucleophile and attacks the...

Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Hydroboration

Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Hydroboration

A significant aspect of hydroboration–oxidation is the regio- and stereochemical outcome of the reaction.
Hydroboration proceeds in a concerted fashion with the attack of borane on the π bond, giving a cyclic four-centered transition state. The –BH2 group is bonded to the less substituted carbon and –H to the more substituted carbon. The concerted nature requires the simultaneous addition of –H and –BH2 across the same face of the alkene giving syn...

Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation

Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation

Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

Anionic Chain-Growth Polymerization: Overview

The polymerization process that involves carbanion as an intermediate is called anionic polymerization. It is also a type of addition or chain-growth polymerization. Anionic polymerization gets initiated by a strong nucleophile such as an organolithium or a Grignard reagent. The most commonly used initiator for anionic polymerization is butyl lithium. Monomers involved in anionic polymerization must possess a vinyl group bonded to one or two electron-withdrawing groups. For instance,...

Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process

Hydrolysis of Chlorobenzene to Phenol: Dow Process

Simple aryl halides do not react with nucleophiles under normal conditions. However, the reaction can proceed under drastic conditions involving high temperatures and high pressure to give the substituted products. For example, chlorobenzene is converted to phenol using aqueous sodium hydroxide at 350 °C under high pressure by the Dow process. The reaction follows an elimination-addition mechanism involving a benzyne intermediate. Here, the chloride ion is...

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Separation of sulfated fucose-containing isomers found in polysaccharides from brown seaweed using cyclic ion mobility mass spectrometry.

RSC advances·2026

Same author

Polymerisation processes and computational methods to control structure: general discussion.

Faraday discussions·2025

Same author

Novel feedstocks: general discussion.

Faraday discussions·2025

Same author

Catalysis: general discussion.

Faraday discussions·2025

Same author

Closing the loop - the chemistry of depolymerisation, polymer recycling and environmental degradation: general discussion.

Faraday discussions·2025

Same author

Ocean biomass-derived feedstocks for non-isocyanate polyurethane synthesis.

Faraday discussions·2025

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

Functionalized polycarbonates via triphenylborane catalyzed polymerization-hydrosilylation.

Kori A Andrea¹, Francesca M Kerton¹

¹Department of Chemistry, Memorial University of Newfoundland St. John's NL A1B 3X7 Canada fkerton@mun.ca.

|May 9, 2022

Summary

Triphenylborane efficiently catalyzes the copolymerization of epoxides and CO2 into polycarbonates. These polymers can be further modified in a one-pot reaction, creating new materials with tunable properties.

More Related Videos

A Simple and Efficient Protocol for the Catalytic Insertion Polymerization of Functional Norbornenes

A Simple and Efficient Protocol for the Catalytic Insertion Polymerization of Functional Norbornenes

Published on: February 27, 2017

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

Published on: December 16, 2022

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Self-assembling Morphologies Obtained from Helical Polycarbodiimide Copolymers and Their Triazole Derivatives

Published on: February 7, 2017

A Simple and Efficient Protocol for the Catalytic Insertion Polymerization of Functional Norbornenes

A Simple and Efficient Protocol for the Catalytic Insertion Polymerization of Functional Norbornenes

Published on: February 27, 2017

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers

Published on: December 16, 2022

Area of Science:

Polymer Chemistry
Catalysis
Materials Science

Background:

Epoxides and carbon dioxide (CO2) are important monomers for polymer synthesis.
Developing efficient catalysts for CO2 utilization in polymer production is a key research area.
Functionalization of polymers post-synthesis can expand their applications.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate triphenylborane as a catalyst for epoxide and CO2 copolymerization.
To explore the one-pot modification of the resulting polycarbonates via hydrosilylation.
To synthesize novel functionalized polycarbonates with controlled properties.

Main Methods:

Copolymerization of epoxides and CO2 using triphenylborane as a catalyst.
Assisted tandem catalysis for one-pot hydrosilylation of polycarbonates.
Characterization of polymer dispersity and glass transition temperatures.

Main Results:

Triphenylborane effectively catalyzed the copolymerization and terpolymerization of epoxides and CO2, yielding polycarbonates with excellent dispersity.
A one-pot tandem catalysis approach enabled the hydrosilylation of these polycarbonates.
The synthesized modified polymeric materials exhibited glass transition temperatures ranging from 37-110 °C.

Conclusions:

Triphenylborane is a highly effective catalyst for the synthesis of polycarbonates from epoxides and CO2.
Tandem catalysis offers a streamlined route to functionalized polycarbonates.
This methodology provides access to tunable materials for diverse applications.