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Clinical challenges treating Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections: an update

Maria F Mojica1,2,3,4, Romney Humphries5, John J Lipuma6

  • 1Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Jac-Antimicrobial Resistance
|May 9, 2022
PubMed

Insights

Stenotrophomonas maltophilia infections are challenging due to multidrug resistance and strain variability. This review updates on recent literature impacting clinical management of these difficult-to-treat Gram-negative bacillus infections.

Area of Science:

  • Microbiology
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Clinical Medicine

Background:

  • Stenotrophomonas maltophilia is an opportunistic nosocomial pathogen.
  • It exhibits intrinsic multidrug resistance, complicating treatment.
  • Molecular heterogeneity contributes to varied resistance and virulence.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To provide an update on recent literature regarding Stenotrophomonas maltophilia.
  • To highlight challenges in clinical management of S. maltophilia infections.
  • To emphasize the impact of antimicrobial resistance and diagnostic limitations.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent publications.
  • Analysis of studies on S. maltophilia resistance mechanisms.
  • Evaluation of antimicrobial susceptibility testing and breakpoint data.

Main Results:

  • S. maltophilia displays significant molecular heterogeneity.
  • Antimicrobial resistance and virulence factors are unevenly distributed.
  • Shortcomings in susceptibility testing and lack of standardized breakpoints exist.

Conclusions:

  • Clinical management of S. maltophilia infections is complex.
  • Multidrug resistance and strain variability pose significant challenges.
  • Further research is needed to improve diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.

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