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Related Concept Videos

Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

38.7K
The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Tactile and Chemical Senses01:27

Tactile and Chemical Senses

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Tactile senses encompass touch, temperature, and pain, each mediated by specific receptors. Touch receptors detect mechanical energy or pressure against the skin. Sensory fibers from these receptors enter the spinal cord and relay information to the brain stem. Here, most fibers cross over to the opposite side of the brain. The touch information then moves to the thalamus, which projects a map of the body's surface onto the somatosensory areas of the parietal lobes in the cerebral cortex.
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Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex01:24

Somatosensory, Motor, and Association Cortex

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The somatosensory cortex in the parietal lobes is crucial for interpreting sensory data such as touch, temperature, and proprioception. The somatosensory cortex, situated in the parietal lobes, plays a vital role in interpreting sensory information like touch, temperature, and proprioception—awareness of body position. This specialized brain region features an organized structure wherein neurons at the top primarily process sensations originating from the lower body. In contrast, those at...
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Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System01:11

Sensory Perception: Organization of the Somatosensory System

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The somatosensory system is the central and peripheral nervous system component that senses and processes touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and body position or proprioception. The process of sensation takes place at three levels:
The receptor level:
The receptor level is the first stage of sensation. It involves the detection of a stimulus by specialized sensory receptors. The stimulus must arrive within the receptor's receptive field. Next, the receptor converts the energy of the...
7.6K
Major Somatic Sensory Pathways01:28

Major Somatic Sensory Pathways

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Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
1.3K
Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways01:29

Overview of Somatic Sensory Pathways

5.6K
Somatic sensory or somatosensory pathways refer to the neural pathways that carry information related to touch, pressure, pain, temperature, and proprioception from the skin, muscles, tendons, and joints to the brain. These pathways involve several stages of processing and integration of sensory information.
The somatosensory system is divided into three main pathways: the dorsal (or posterior) column-medial lemniscus, spinothalamic (or anterolateral), and spinocerebellar pathways.
The dorsal...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Sep 24, 2025

Testing Tactile Masking between the Forearms
08:05

Testing Tactile Masking between the Forearms

Published on: February 10, 2016

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Tactile suppression stems from specific sensorimotor predictions.

Elena Fuehrer1, Dimitris Voudouris1, Alexandra Lezkan1

  • 1Experimental Psychology, Justus Liebig University Giessen, 35394 Giessen, Germany.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
|May 9, 2022
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tactile sensations are weaker on a moving hand due to tactile suppression. This study shows tactile suppression is specifically tuned to predicted sensory feedback from movement, not an unspecific mechanism.

Keywords:
efference copysensorimotor predictionsensory gatingtactile attenuationtactile suppression

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Somatosensation
  • Motor Control

Background:

  • Tactile feedback is essential for interacting with the environment.
  • Tactile sensations are perceived as weaker on a moving hand compared to a stationary hand, a phenomenon known as tactile suppression.
  • The precise mechanisms underlying tactile suppression are debated, with some theories proposing predictive coding via internal forward models and others suggesting unspecific mechanisms.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate whether tactile suppression is specifically driven by precise sensorimotor predictions.
  • To differentiate between specific predictive mechanisms and unspecific mechanisms in tactile suppression.

Main Methods:

  • Participants performed a stroking movement with their finger across textured surfaces, generating predictable vibrotactile feedback.
  • External vibrotactile probes were applied to the moving finger just before texture contact.
  • Probes were designed to either match or mismatch the predicted frequency of the tactile feedback from the texture.

Main Results:

  • A significantly stronger suppression of tactile probes was observed when their frequency matched the predicted sensory feedback from the textured surface.
  • This finding indicates that the brain specifically anticipates and suppresses expected tactile sensations during movement.

Conclusions:

  • Tactile suppression is not an unspecific process but is specifically tuned to predicted sensory states.
  • The results support the role of precise sensorimotor predictions in modulating tactile perception during active movement.